非中心对称金属中的自旋轨道耦合和半经典电子动力学
Spin-orbit coupling and semiclassical electron dynamics in noncentrosymmetric metals
摘要：
电子与晶格的自旋轨道耦合在没有反转对称性的材料中起着至关重要的作用，提升了Bloch态的自旋简并度，并赋予所产生的非简并带复杂的自旋织构和拓扑非平凡波函数。本文对非中心对称金属中的自旋轨道耦合和能带简并进行了详细的理论分析。考虑自旋轨道耦合和塞曼相互作用，在外加磁场作用下，系统地导出了费米面附近费米准粒子的半经典运动方程.运动方程的一些最低阶量子修正可以用动量空间中的一个虚构的“磁场“来表示，它与能带波函数的贝里曲率有关。带退化点或线作为一个拓扑非平凡的Berry曲率的来源。我们讨论了波函数拓扑结构的可观测效应，特别是对Lifshitz-Onsager半经典量子化条件的修改和非中心对称金属中的de Haas-van Alphen效应。
英文摘要：
Spin-orbit coupling of electrons with the crystal lattice plays a crucial role in materials without inversion symmetry, lifting spin degeneracy of the Bloch states and endowing the resulting nondegenerate bands with complex spin textures and topologically nontrivial wavefunctions. We present a detailed symmetry-based analysis of the spin-orbit coupling and the band degeneracies in noncentrosymmetric metals. We systematically derive the semiclassical equations of motion for fermionic quasiparticles near the Fermi surface, taking into account both the spin-orbit coupling and the Zeeman interaction with an applied magnetic field. Some of the lowest-order quantum corrections to the equations of motions can be expressed in terms of a fictitious "magnetic field" in the momentum space, which is related to the Berry curvature of the band wavefunctions. The band degeneracy points or lines serve as sources of a topologically nontrivial Berry curvature. We discuss the observable effects of the wavefunction topology, focusing, in particular, on the modifications to the Lifshitz-Onsager semiclassical quantization condition and the de Haas-van Alphen effect in noncentrosymmetric metals.
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