热QCD物质中的电流和局域宇称破坏
Chern-Simons current and local parity violation in hot QCD matter
摘要：
非阿贝尔规范理论“生活”在具有非平凡拓扑的时空中，这种拓扑可以用奇维的陈-西蒙斯形式来表征。在QCD中，Chern-Simons形式是由手征反常和拓扑解的存在引起的;它为强相互作用中P和CP不变性的破缺（“强CP问题”）提供了可能性。虽然在QCD中显然没有全局P和CP破坏，但在这里，我认为，热夸克-胶子物质中的拓扑涨落可以在非常强的外部磁场的存在下通过诱导局部P-和CP-奇效应而变得直接可观察。这些现象可以用Maxwell-Chern-Simons电动力学作为一种有效的理论来描述。热QCD物质中的局域P和CP破坏可以通过“手征磁效应”--相对论离子碰撞产生的磁场轴上的电荷分离--在实验中观察到。最近在RHIC的STAR合作组中发现了相对于重离子碰撞反应面电荷分离的证据。
英文摘要：
Non-Abelian gauge theories "live" in a space-time with non-trivial topology that can be characterized by an odd-dimensional Chern-Simons form. In QCD, Chern-Simons form is induced by the chiral anomaly and the presence of topological solutions; it opens a possibility for the breaking of P and CP invariances in strong interactions ("the strong CP problem"). While there is apparently no global P and CP violation in QCD, here I argue that topological fluctuations in hot quark-gluon matter can become directly observable in the presence of a very intense external magnetic field by inducing local P- and CP- odd effects. These phenomena can be described by using the Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics as an effective theory. Local P and CP violation in hot QCD matter can be observed in experiment through the "chiral magnetic effect" - the separation of electric charge along the axis of magnetic field that is created by the colliding relativistic ions. There is a recent evidence for the electric charge separation relative to the reaction plane of heavy ion collisions from the STAR Collaboration at RHIC.
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