We present a study of the luminosity and color properties of galaxies selected from a sample of 57 low-redshift Abell clusters. We utilize the non-parametric dwarf-to-giant ratio (DGR) and the blue galaxy fraction (fb) to investigate the clustercentric radial-dependent changes in the cluster galaxy population. Composite cluster samples are combined by scaling the counting radius by r200 to minimize radius selection bias. The separation of galaxies into a red and blue population was achieved by selecting galaxies relative to the cluster color-magnitude relation. The DGR of the red and blue galaxies is found to be independent of cluster richness (Bgc), although the DGR is larger for the blue population at all measured radii. A decrease in the DGR for the red and red+blue galaxies is detected in the cluster core region, while the blue galaxy DGR is nearly independent of radius. The fb is found not to correlate with Bgc; however, a steady decline toward the inner-cluster region is observed for the giant galaxies. The dwarf galaxy fb is approximately constant with clustercentric radius except for the inner cluster core region where fb decreases. The clustercentric radial dependence of the DGR and the galaxy blue fraction, indicates that it is unlikely that a simple scenario based on either pure disruption or pure fading/reddening can describe the evolution of infalling dwarf galaxies; both outcomes are produced by the cluster environment.
Simulations of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) predict that dark matter should lag behind galaxies during a collision. If the interaction is mediated by a high-mass force carrier, the distribution of dark matter can also develop asymmetric dark matter tails. To search for this asymmetry, we compute the gravitational lensing properties of a mass distribution with a free {\em skewness} parameter. We apply this to the dark matter around the four central galaxies in cluster Abell~3827. In the galaxy whose dark matter peak has previously been found to be offset, we tentatively measure a skewnes…
We report on the detection of a giant radio halo in the cluster Abell 3404 as well as confirmation of the radio halo observed in Abell 141 (with linear extents $\sim 770$ kpc and $\sim 850$ kpc, respectively). We use the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) in conjunction with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) to characterise the emission and intervening radio sources from $\sim100$-$1000$ MHz; power law models are fit to the spectral energy distributions with spectral indices $α_{88}^{1110} = -1.66 \pm 0.07$ and $α_{88}^{944} …
Abell 2146 ($z$ = 0.232) consists of two galaxy clusters undergoing a major merger. The system was discovered in previous work, where two large shock fronts were detected using the $\textit{Chandra X-ray Observatory}$, consistent with a merger close to the plane of the sky, caught soon after first core passage. A weak gravitational lensing analysis of the total gravitating mass in the system, using the distorted shapes of distant galaxies seen with ACS-WFC on $\textit{Hubble Space Telescope}$, is presented. The highest peak in the reconstruction of the projected mass is centred on the Brightes…
The dark matter in the galaxy cluster Abell 1689 is modelled as an isothermal sphere of neutrinos. New data on the $2d$ mass density allow an accurate description of its core and halo. The model has no "missing baryon problem" and beyond $2.1$ Mpc the baryons have the cosmic mass abundance. Combination of cluster data with the cosmic dark matter fraction -- here supposed to stem from the neutrinos -- leads to a solution of the dark matter riddle by left and right handed neutrinos with mass 1.847 +/- 0.016 eV. The thus far observed absence of neutrinoless double beta decay points to (quasi-) Di…
Combined LOFAR-uGMRT analysis of the diffuse radio emission in the massive clusters Abell 773 and Abell 1351
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) - Istituto di Radioastronomia (IRA)（意大利国家天体物理研究所-射电天文研究所）；Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA), Università di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学物理与天文学系）；Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica (IASF)（意大利国家天体物理研究所-空间天体物理学与宇宙物理学研究所）；University of Kashmir（克什米尔大学）；Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg（汉堡天文台，汉堡大学）
We present a joint Suzaku and XMM-Newton analysis of the outskirts of the nearby galaxy cluster Abell 2199, the only nearby galaxy cluster to be observed with near complete azimuthal coverage with Suzaku. Using the XMM-Newton observations to correct for the effects of gas clumping, we find that the azimuthally averaged entropy profile in the outskirts follows a power law with a slope of $1.20 \pm 0.23$, statistically consistent with a slope of 1.1 predicted by non-radiative simulations for purely gravitational hierarchical structure formation. However, when divided into 10 sectors, the entropy…
We measure the local correlation between radio emission and Compton-$y$ signal across two galaxy clusters, Abell~399 and Abell~401, using maps from the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) + \Planck. These datasets allow us to make the first measurement of this kind at $\sim$arcminute resolution. We find that the radio brightness scales as $F_{\mathrm{radio}} \propto y^{1.5}$ for Abell~401 and $F_{\mathrm{radio}} \propto y^{2.8}$ for Abell~399. Furthermore, using \XMM data, we derive a sublinear correlation between radio and X-ray brightness for both the cluste…
New high-resolution r band imaging of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in Abell 85 (Holm 15A) was obtained using the Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph. These data were taken with the aim of deriving an accurate surface brightness profile of the BCG of Abell 85, in particular its central region. The new Gemini data show clear evidence of a previously unreported nuclear emission that is evident as a distinct light excess in the central kiloparsec of the surface brightness profile. We find that the light profile is never flat nor does it present a downward trend towards the center of the galaxy.…
We present original GMRT radio observations of the galaxy cluster Abell~725, at a redshift of 0.09, along with other archival observations. Our GMRT maps reveal two steep-spectrum diffuse filaments in the cluster, along with a previously reported arc-like structure, and a wide-angle tail (WAT) radio source associated with the Brightest Cluster Galaxy (BCG) at the periphery of the cluster. The bent morphology of the WAT indicates that its jets have been swept back by the dynamic pressure resulting from the motion of the BCG through the surrounding intracluster medium. The BCG associated with th…
Large-scale magnetic fields reveal themselves through diffuse synchrotron sources observed in galaxy clusters such as radio halos. Total intensity filaments of these sources have been observed in polarization as well, but only in three radio halos out of about one hundred currently known. In this paper we analyze new polarimetric Very Large Array data of the diffuse emission in the galaxy cluster Abell 523 in the frequency range 1-2 GHz. We find for the first time evidence of polarized emission on scales of ~ 2.5 Mpc. Total intensity emission is observed only in the central part of the source,…
We examine Suzaku, XMM-Newton, and Chandra observations of the Abell 2029/2033 system to investigate the nature of a bridge of X-ray emission joining the two galaxy clusters. By modelling the contributions from the outskirts of the two clusters, and excluding the emission from the southern infalling group and the background group LOS9, we find a significant excess of X-ray emission between the two clusters at the level of 6.5-7.0$σ$, depending on the choice of model, that cannot be explained by the overlap of the clusters. This excess component to the surface brightness is consistent with bein…
The pre-merging system of galaxy clusters Abell 3391-Abell 3395 located at a mean redshift of 0.053 has been observed at 1 GHz in an ASKAP/EMU Early Science observation as well as in X-rays with eROSITA. The projected separation of the X-ray peaks of the two clusters is $\sim$50$'$ or $\sim$ 3.1 Mpc. Here we present an inventory of interesting radio sources in this field around this cluster merger. While the eROSITA observations provide clear indications of a bridge of thermal gas between the clusters, neither ASKAP nor MWA observations show any diffuse radio emission coinciding with the X-ray…
Off-axis collisions between galaxy clusters may induce the phenomenon of sloshing, causing dense gas to be dragged from the cool core of a cluster, resulting in a spiral of enhanced X-ray emission. Abell 2199 displays signatures of sloshing in its core and it is possible that the orbital plane of the collision is seen nearly edge-on. We aim to evaluate whether the features of Abell 2199 can be explained by a sloshing spiral seen under a large inclination angle. To address this, we perform tailored hydrodynamical $N$-body simulations of a non-frontal collision with a galaxy group of $M_{200}=1.…
The results of Suzaku observations of the outskirts of Abell 3395 including a large-scale structure filament toward Abell 3391 are presented. We measured temperature and abundance distributions from the southern outskirt of Abell 3395 to the north at the virial radius, where a filament structure has been found in the former X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect observations between Abell 3391 and 3395. The overall temperature structure is consistent with the universal profile proposed by Okabe et al.(2014) for relaxed clusters except for the filament region. A hint of the ICM heating is found be…
We present a strong-lensing analysis of four massive galaxy clusters imaged with the Hubble Space Telescope in the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey. We use a Light-Traces-Mass technique to uncover sets of multiply images and constrain the mass distribution of the clusters. These mass models are the first published for Abell S295 and MACS J0159.8-0849, and are improvements over previous models for Abell 697 and MACS J0025.4-1222. Our analysis for MACS J0025.4-1222 and Abell S295 shows a bimodal mass distribution supporting the merger scenarios proposed for these clusters. The updated model f…
Based on an extensive redshift survey for galaxy cluster Abell 2029 and Coma, we measure the luminosity functions (LFs), stellar mass functions (SMFs) for the entire cluster member galaxies. Most importantly, we measure the velocity dispersion functions (VDFs) for quiescent members. The MMT/Hectospec redshift survey for galaxies in A2029 identifies 982 spectroscopic members; for 838 members we derive the central velocity dispersion from the spectroscopy. Coma is the only other cluster surveyed as densely. The LFs, SMFs and VDFs for A2029 and Coma are essentially identical. The SMFs of the clus…
We present results from an X-ray and radio study of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 115. We use the full set of 5 Chandra observations taken of A115 to date (360 ks total integration) to construct high-fidelity temperature and surface brightness maps. We also examine radio data from the Very Large Array at 1.5 GHz and the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 0.6 GHz. We propose that the high X-ray spectral temperature between the subclusters results from the interaction of the bow shocks driven into the intracluster medium by the motion of the subclusters relative to one another. We have identi…
For the first time, we explore the dynamics of the central region of a galaxy cluster within $r_{500}\sim 600h^{-1}$~kpc from its center by combining optical and X-ray spectroscopy. We use (1) the caustic technique that identifies the cluster substructures and their galaxy members with optical spectroscopic data, and (2) the X-ray redshift fitting procedure that estimates the redshift distribution of the intracluster medium (ICM). We use the spatial and redshift distributions of the galaxies and of the X-ray emitting gas to associate the optical substructures to the X-ray regions. When we appl…
Galaxy clusters undergo mergers that can generate extended radio sources called radio relics. Radio relics are the consequence of merger-induced shocks that propagate in the intra cluster medium (ICM). In this paper we analyse the radio, optical and X-ray data from a candidate galaxy cluster that has been selected from the radio emission coming from a candidate radio relic detected in NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS). Our aim is to clarify the nature of this source and prove that under certain conditions radio emission from radio relics can be used to trace relatively low-mass galaxy clusters. We ha…
The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect in galaxy clusters and filaments using multifrequency temperature maps of the cosmic microwave background: Abell 399--Abell 401 cluster pair case study
