即将到来的行星对射电源的近角接近及其作为GR试验的可能性
Forthcoming Close Angular Approaches of Planets to Radio Sources and Possibilities to Use Them as GR Tests
摘要：
在太阳系行星接近天体测量射电源的过程中，这些射电源的视位置由于相对论效应而发生移动，因此，这些事件可以用来检验广义相对论;这一事实在1988年和2002年进行的测量木星接近期间射电源位置移动的实验中得到了成功的证明。在本工作框架内进行的一项分析表明，当在行星盘边缘附近观察到一个源时，即，实际上，在掩星的情况下，目前的实验精度使测量所有行星的相对论效应成为可能。然而，无线电掩星是相当罕见的事件。与此同时，只有木星和土星在接近射电源的角距离约为几个行星半径时提供明显的相对论效应。我们的分析导致了2008-2050年期间即将发生的掩星和行星接近天体测量射电源的目录的创建，该目录可用于计划测试重力理论和其他目的的实验。对于目录中所包括的所有事件，主要的相对论效应都计算了地基和空间（地月）干涉仪基线。
英文摘要：
During close angular approaches of solar system planets to astrometric radio sources, the apparent positions of these sources shift due to relativistic effects and, thus, these events may be used for testing the theory of general relativity; this fact was successfully demonstrated in the experiments on the measurements of radio source position shifts during the approaches of Jupiter carried out in 1988 and 2002. An analysis, performed within the frames of the present work, showed that when a source is observed near a planet's disk edge, i.e., practically in the case of occultation, the current experimental accuracy makes it possible to measure the relativistic effects for all planets. However, radio occultations are fairly rare events. At the same time, only Jupiter and Saturn provide noticeable relativistic effects approaching the radio sources at angular distances of about a few planet radii. Our analysis resulted in the creation of a catalog of forthcoming occultations and approaches of planets to astrometric radio sources for the time period of 2008-2050, which can be used for planning experiments on testing gravity theories and other purposes. For all events included in the catalog, the main relativistic effects are calculated both for ground-based and space (Earth-Moon) interferometer baselines.
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