We present a uniform X-ray spectral analysis of eight type-1 active galactic nuclei (AGN) that have been previously observed with relativistically broadened iron emission lines. Utilizing data from the XMM-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC-pn) we carefully model the spectral continuum, taking complex intrinsic absorption and emission into account. We then proceed to model the broad Fe K feature in each source with two different accretion disk emission line codes, as well as a self-consistent, ionized accretion disk spectrum convolved with relativistic smearing from the inner disk. Comparing the results, we show that relativistic blurring of the disk emission is required to explain the spectrum in most sources, even when one models the full reflection spectrum from the photoionized disk.
Iron He-triplet signatures of shocks in the hottest galaxy clusters. Z/W line ratio, line broadening, and electron-ion temperature equilibration
Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所);University of Maryland(马里兰大学);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology(空间科学与技术研究探索中心);Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford(牛津大学物理系鲁道夫·派尔斯理论物理中心);Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学);Leiden Observatory, Leiden University(莱顿大学莱顿天文台);Masaryk University(马萨里克大学)
Broad Iron Line as a Relativistic Reflection from Warm Corona in AGN
Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences(波兰科学院尼古拉·哥白尼天文中心);ESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité(巴黎天文台,PSL研究大学,法国国家科学研究中心,索邦大学,巴黎第六大学,巴黎第七大学,索邦巴黎城);Research Center for Computational Physics and Data Processing, Institute of Physics, Silesian University in Opava(奥帕瓦西里西亚大学物理研究所计算物理与数据处理研究中心)
Theoretical modelling of the AGN iron-line vs continuum time-lags in the lamp-post geometry
内容:对Fe K $α$发射和X射线连续谱之间的时滞变化进行理论模拟,可以揭示活动星系(AGN)和X射线双星中X射线发射区的物理和几何结构。本文对七个明亮的X射线活动星系核的两个能带($5-7$与$2-4\,\mathrm{keV}$)的变化之间的时滞进行了系统的分析。目的:我们尽可能准确地估计时滞,并在灯柱几何形状的背景下用理论模型拟合它们。我们还限制了活动星系核中X射线发射区的几何形状。研究方法:我们使用所有可用的档案\textit{XMM-Newton}数据的来源,在我们的样品和提取光曲线的$5-7$和$2-4\,\mathrm{keV}$的能量带。我们使用这些光变曲线,并应用经过彻底测试(通过广泛的数值模拟)的配方来估计具有最小偏差的时滞,近似遵循高斯分布,并且具有已知误差。使用传统的$χ^2$最小化技术,然后我们用两种不同的模型拟合观察到的时滞:一种是时滞对频率具有幂律依赖性的现象学模型,另一种是使用灯柱几何形状中预期的混响时滞的物理模型。后者的计算假设一个点状的初级X射线源以上的黑洞周围的中性和吸积盘与太阳铁丰度。我们考虑了各种X射线源高度、倾斜角和黑洞自旋值的所有相对论效应。
Broad iron emission lines in Seyfert Galaxies - re-condensation of gas onto an inner disk below the ADAF
最近用Chandra、XMM-Newton和Suzaku对Seyfert 1活动星系核进行的观测显示出宽的铁K_α发射线,有些相对论性地模糊了。对于银河系黑洞的X射线双星XMM-牛顿光谱在硬态也揭示了相对论铁发射线和热分量的存在下,解释为一个弱的内部冷吸积盘热日冕下的指示。这些热成分被发现后,从软到硬的光谱状态的过渡,可以理解为持续的气体从对流为主的流(ADAF)到磁盘上的再冷凝。鉴于恒星质量和超大质量黑洞周围吸积流的相似性,我们讨论了Seyfert 1活动星系核中的宽铁发射线是否可以理解为来自类似的吸积流几何。在Miller(2007)和Nandra et al.(2007)的样本中,我们推导了具有强线的Seyfert星系的Eddington标度吸积率。在评估中,我们使用了观测到的X射线光度,热辐射校正和文献中的黑洞质量,大多数值来自Fabian和Vasudevan(2009)。超过一半的来源得出的速率小于爱丁顿速率的0.1。对于塞弗特1活动星系核中10^7到10^8个太阳质量的黑洞来说,这个极限相当于每年0.01到0.2个太阳质量。我们的研究表明,对于相当多的Seyfert活动星系核在硬谱态铁的发射线可以产生于一个内部弱盘周围的ADAF的再凝聚模型预测。一些具有较高吸积率的剩余源可能处于与LMXB的“非常高”状态相当的光谱状态。(节略)
Accretion flows toward black holes can be of a quite different nature, described as an optically thick cool gas flow in a disk for high accretion rates or as a hot coronal optically thin gas flow for low accretion rates, possibly affected by outflowing gas. The detection of broad iron emission lines in active galactic nuclei (AGN) indicates the coexistence of corona and disk. The appearance and relative strength of such flows essentially depends on their interaction. Liu et al. suggested that condensation of gas from the corona to the disk allows to understand accretion flows of comparable str…
One of the canonical physical properties of ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) seen in a diverse population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is its seemingly very broad width (i.e. $Δv \sim 10,000$ km~s$^{-1}$) , a feature often required for X-ray spectral modeling. While unclear to date, this condition is occasionally interpreted and justified as internal turbulence within the UFOs for simplicity. In this work, we exploit a transverse motion of a three-dimensional accretion-disk wind, an essential feature of non-radial outflow morphology unique to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) outflows. We argue that at …
Iron K$α$ signatures from accretion disks around fermionic dark matter cores
Fac. de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, UNLP(拉普拉塔国立大学天文与地球物理学院);Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía, CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP(阿根廷射电天文研究所,阿根廷国家科学研究委员会、布宜诺斯艾利斯省研究促进委员会及拉普拉塔国立大学);ICRANet(国际相对论天体物理中心网络);ICRA, Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma(罗马智慧大学物理系国际相对论天体物理中心);ICRANet-Ferrara, Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, UNIFE(费拉拉大学地球与物理科学系国际相对论天体物理中心费拉拉分部)
We confirm that the spectra are best fit by a model containing two Compton reflection components, one from distant material, and the other displaying relativistic broadening, most likely from the inner accretion disk. The degree of relativistic broadening indicates a preference for high black hole spin, but the reflection is weaker than that expected for a flat disk illuminated by a point source. We investigate the Compton reflection signatures as a function of luminosity, redshift and obscuration, confirming an X-ray Baldwin effect for both the narrow and broad components of the iron line. An…
Transient Relativistic Iron Emission Line from an X-ray Flaring Supermassive Black Hole
California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);Clemson University(克莱姆森大学);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);Università di Bologna(博洛尼亚大学);INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna(意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室)
In active galactic nuclei (AGN), fluorescent Fe K$α$ (iron) line emission is generally interpreted as originating from obscuring material around a supermassive black hole (SMBH) on the scale of a few parsecs (pc). However, recent Chandra studies indicate the existence of iron line emission extending to kpc scales in the host galaxy. The connection between iron line emission and large-scale material can be spatially resolved directly only in nearby galaxies, but could be inferred in more distant AGNs by a connection between line emission and star-forming gas and dust that is more extended than …
A XRISM Study of Highly Ionized Iron Emission Lines from the Low-Eddington-ratio AGN in NGC 7213
Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Osaka(大阪大学地球宇宙科学系);Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院凯尔天体物理学中心);Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS)(日本宇宙航空研究开发机构(JAXA)宇宙科学研究所(ISAS));Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre(罗马第三大学数学物理系)
Iron K$α$ emission in type-I and type-II Active Galactic Nuclei
窄的Fe K $α$线是超大质量黑洞周围物质X射线辐射再加工的主要特征之一,在活动星系核(AGN)的X射线谱中普遍存在。本文研究了不同类型活动星系核中窄Fe K $α$线的特征。使用一个大型朱雀研究的结果,我们发现,塞弗特2s的平均较低的Fe K $α$光度比塞弗特1 s相同的10-50 keV的连续光度。模拟虚拟Sy 1 s和Sy 2s人口使用物理环面模型的X射线反射发射,我们发现,这种差异可以解释通过不同的平均倾斜角相对于环面,预测的统一模型。另一种解释包括康普顿峰强度或光子指数分布的差异。我们发现,宽和窄的Fe K $α$线在6.35-6.45 keV范围内的流量之间的比例取决于所考虑的环面几何形状,并平均为$<25\%$和$<15\%$的I型和II型活动星系核,分别。我们发现的证据的吸收窄铁K $α$线通量在康普顿厚的活动星系核,这表明,部分反射材料被掩盖。我们估计,平均而言,在被遮蔽的活动星系核中,中性物质的反射辐射是通过一个柱密度被看到的,这个柱密度是吸收初级X射线辐射的1/4。在CXB的合成模型和研究严重遮蔽活动星系核的光度函数时,应考虑到这一点。我们检测到的第一个证据的X射线鲍德温效应在塞弗特2s,与塞弗特1 s,这表明,负责减少的等效宽度与连续发光度的机制是相同的,在两类对象相同的斜率。
The issue of the difference between optical and UV properties of radio-quiet and radio-loud (relativistically "jetted") active galactic nuclei (AGN) is a long standing one, related to the fundamental question of why a minority of powerful AGN possess strong radio emission due to relativistic ejections. This paper examines a particular aspect: the singly-ionized iron emission in the spectral range 4400 -- 5600 A, where the prominent HI H$β$ and [OIII] 4959, 5007 lines are also observed. We present a detailed comparison of the relative intensity of Fe II multiplets in the spectral types of the q…
A XRISM view of the iron line complex in NGC 1068: Rethinking the prototypical Compton-thick AGN
European Space Agency (ESA)(欧洲空间局);European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC)(欧洲空间研究与技术中心);Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent(根特大学天文台);INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台);INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera(意大利国家天体物理研究所布雷拉天文台);The Catholic University of America(美利坚天主教大学);Università di Trento(特伦托大学);INAF Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna (OAS)(意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天体物理与空间科学观测站);Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”(罗马第二大学);“Sapienza” Università di Roma(罗马第一大学);INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali(意大利国家天体物理研究所天体物理学与行星科学研究所)