We show that qualitatively different epidemic-like processes from distinct societal domains (finance, social and commercial blockbusters, epidemiology) can be quantitatively understood using the same unifying conceptual framework taking into account the interplay between the timescales of the grouping and fragmentation of social groups together with typical epidemic transmission processes. Different domain-specific empirical infection profiles, featuring multiple resurgences and abnormal decay times, are reproduced simply by varying the timescales for group formation and individual transmission. Our model emphasizes the need to account for the dynamic evolution of multi-connected networks. Our results reveal a new minimally-invasive dynamical method for controlling such outbreaks, help fill a gap in existing epidemiological theory, and offer a new understanding of complex system response functions.
Recent Covid-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need of efficient epidemic outbreak management. We study the optimal control problem of minimizing the fraction of infected population by applying vaccination and treatment control strategies, while at the same time minimizing the cost of implementing them. We model the epidemic using the degree based Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) compartmental model. We study the impact of varying network topologies on the optimal epidemic management strategies and present results for the Erdos-Renyi, scale free, and real world networks. For efficient compu…
Breaking a complex bio-social phenomenon (epidemic) into its components, considering the processes that determine its dynamics, formalizing the accepted hypotheses in mathematical equations, selecting appropriate experimental and statistical material, and constructing a mathematical model - those are typical tasks of scientific research. A specific data processing method (balanced identification) and appropriate information technology made it possible to consider a number of models, determine the general biological laws of the virus-human interaction (common to all populations), and the countr…
Over the past two decades there has been a number of global outbreaks of viral diseases. This has accelerated the efforts to model and forecast the disease spreading, in order to find ways to confine the spreading regionally and between regions. Towards this we have devised a model of geographical spreading of viral infections due to human spatial mobility and adapted it to the latest COVID-19 pandemic. In this the region to be modelled is overlaid with a two-dimensional grid weighted with the population density defined cells, in each of which a compartmental SEIRS system of delay difference e…
The dynamics of epidemics depend on how people's behavior changes during an outbreak. At the beginning of the epidemic, people do not know about the virus, then, after the outbreak of epidemics and alarm, they begin to comply with the restrictions and the spreading of epidemics may decline. Over time, some people get tired/frustrated by the restrictions and stop following them (exhaustion), especially if the number of new cases drops down. After resting for a while, they can follow the restrictions again. But during this pause the second wave can come and become even stronger then the first on…
Large language models for spreading dynamics in complex systems
School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Sichuan University(四川大学计算机科学与工程学院);Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education(数据保护与智能管理重点实验室(四川大学));Cyber Science Research Institute, Sichuan University(网络科学研究院);Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University(皇家墨尔本理工大学);Physics Department, University of Fribourg(弗里堡大学物理系);Chongqing Academy of Preventive Medicine(重庆预防医学研究院);School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College(重庆医药学院公共卫生与应急管理学院);School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University(重庆医科大学公共卫生学院)
Complex networks are characterized by latent geometries induced by their topology or by the dynamics on the top of them. In the latter case, different network-driven processes induce distinct geometric features that can be captured by adequate metrics. Random walks, a proxy for a broad spectrum of processes, from simple contagion to metastable synchronization and consensus, have been recently used in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 168301 (2017)] to define the class of diffusion geometry and pinpoint the functional mesoscale organization of complex networks from a genuine geometric perspective. Here, w…