晶格中的三体束缚态
Three-body bound states in a lattice
摘要：
我们在具有强在位相互作用的玻色-哈伯德模型描述的一维紧束缚晶格中研究了三体束缚态。除了简单的强约束的“三聚体”状态对应于所有三个粒子占据相同的晶格位置，我们发现两种新的弱约束的三聚体的能量低于和高于一个单一的粒子（“单体”）和一个绑定的粒子对（“二聚体”）的散射状态的连续。相应的结合机制可以推断从一个有效的哈密顿在强耦合制度，其中包含交换单体和二聚体之间的相互作用。在很强的现场相互作用的限制下，交换结合的三聚体达到一个普遍的结合能值。这些现象可以用光晶格中的冷原子观察到。
英文摘要：
We pursue three-body bound states in a one-dimensional tight-binding lattice described by the Bose-Hubbard model with strong on-site interaction. Apart from the simple strongly-bound "trimer" state corresponding to all three particles occupying the same lattice site, we find two novel kinds of weakly-bound trimers with energies below and above the continuum of scattering states of a single particle ("monomer") and a bound particle pair ("dimer"). The corresponding binding mechanism can be inferred from an effective Hamiltonian in the strong-coupling regime which contains an exchange interaction between the monomer and dimer. In the limit of very strong on-site interaction, the exchange-bound trimers attain a universal value of the binding energy. These phenomena can be observed with cold atoms in optical lattices.
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