细菌种群中分布式基因组的多样性
The diversity of a distributed genome in bacterial populations
摘要：
分布式基因组假说认为，细菌种群中的基因组分布在属于特定分类单元的所有个体中，这意味着某些基因可以在一代又一代中获得和丢失。我们使用由一个金曼结合者给出的随机系谱，以便沿着祖先线来描述基因获得和丢失的事件。基因增益发生在一个恒定的速度沿祖先线。我们假设获得的基因以前从未出现在人群中。基因丢失的发生率与沿着祖先线存在的基因数量成正比。在这个无限多基因模型中，我们得到样本中几个统计量的矩：每个个体的平均基因数，个体之间不同基因的平均数，不一致基因对的数量，样本中不同基因的总数和基因频谱。我们证明，该模型给出了一个合理的拟合与海洋蓝藻的基因频率数据。
英文摘要：
The distributed genome hypothesis states that the set of genes in a population of bacteria is distributed over all individuals that belong to the specific taxon. It implies that certain genes can be gained and lost from generation to generation. We use the random genealogy given by a Kingman coalescent in order to superimpose events of gene gain and loss along ancestral lines. Gene gains occur at a constant rate along ancestral lines. We assume that gained genes have never been present in the population before. Gene losses occur at a rate proportional to the number of genes present along the ancestral line. In this infinitely many genes model we derive moments for several statistics within a sample: the average number of genes per individual, the average number of genes differing between individuals, the number of incongruent pairs of genes, the total number of different genes in the sample and the gene frequency spectrum. We demonstrate that the model gives a reasonable fit with gene frequency data from marine cyanobacteria.
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