用直接几何谱仪测量氢的高能中子散射
High energy neutron scattering from hydrogen using a direct geometry spectrometer
摘要：
使用间接飞行时间谱仪的深度非弹性中子散射实验报告了氢原子的横截面比传统散射理论预期的要小。通常情况下，在大的动量转移，赤字的20-40%的中子散射强度已被测量和几个理论已被开发来解释这些结果。我们提出了一种不同的方法来解决这个问题，通过调查的氢截面在聚乙烯中使用的直接几何飞行时间光谱仪MARI的入射能量固定在一系列的值范围从Ei=0.5 eV到100 eV。这些测量比以前的研究跨越更广泛的动量范围，并具有不同的能量分辨率。我们没有观察到动量对截面的依赖性，误差为4%，通过与金属箔标准散射的比较，测量到氢原子的绝对束缚截面为σ（H）= 80 +/-4 barns。这些结果与传统的散射理论一致，但与引用量子纠缠的理论和中子实验支持它们形成对比。我们的研究结果还说明了一个独特的使用直接几何斩波器仪器在高入射能量，并证明其进行高能光谱的能力。
英文摘要：
Deep inelastic neutron scattering experiments using indirect time-of-flight spectrometers have reported a smaller cross section for the hydrogen atom than expected from conventional scattering theory. Typically, at large momentum transfers, a deficit of 20-40% in the neutron scattering intensity has been measured and several theories have been developed to explain these results. We present a different approach to this problem by investigating the hydrogen cross section in polyethylene using the direct geometry time-of-flight spectrometer MARI with the incident energy fixed at a series of values ranging from Ei=0.5 eV to 100 eV. These measurements span a much broader range in momentum than previous studies and with varying energy resolutions. We observe no momentum dependence to the cross section with an error of 4% and through a comparison with the scattering from metal foil standards measure the absolute bound cross section of the hydrogen atom to be sigma(H)= 80 +/- 4 barns. These results are in agreement with conventional scattering theory but contrast with theories invoking quantum entanglement and neutron experiments supporting them. Our results also illustrate a unique use of direct geometry chopper instruments at high incident energies and demonstrate their capability for conducting high-energy spectroscopy.
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