双势阱释放的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体干涉条纹中粒子数的强宇称效应
Strong parity effect of particle number in the interference fringes of Bose-Einstein condensates released from a double-well potential
摘要：
研究了双势阱中释放的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体干涉条纹中粒子数的宇称效应。对于双势阱中相干分裂的凝聚体，在退耦的双模Bose-哈伯德模型下，由于原子间相互作用，存在着众所周知的相扩散。在双阱势保持一定时间后，相扩散将使两个凝聚体进一步重叠，使得密度分布中的干涉图样强烈依赖于总粒子数的奇偶性。这种宇称效应来源于总粒子数的量子化相对相位。讨论了观察这种粒子数的“奇偶”效应的实验方案。
英文摘要：
We study the parity effect of the particle number in the interference fringes of a Bose-Einstein condensate released from a double-well potential. For a coherently splitting condensate in the double-well potential, with a decoupled two-mode Bose-Hubbard model, there is well-known phase diffusion because of interatomic interactions. After a specific holding time of the double-well potential, the phase diffusion will make the interference patterns in the density distribution depend strongly on the parity of the total particle number by further overlapping two condensates. This parity effect originates from the quantized relative phase about the total particle number. The experimental scheme to observe this "even-odd" effect of the particle number is discussed.
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