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arXiv 0907.1100stat.COcs.NAmath.NAmath.STstat.TH
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黎曼流形哈密顿蒙特卡罗

Riemannian Manifold Hamiltonian Monte Carlo

Mark Girolami, Ben Calderhead, Siu A. Chin

摘要:

针对现有蒙特卡罗算法在对高维、强相关的目标密度进行采样时存在的不足,提出了一种黎曼流形哈密顿蒙特卡罗采样器.该方法提供了一个完全自动化的适应机制,避免了昂贵的试点运行所需的调整建议密度的大都市黑斯廷斯或实际上混合蒙特卡罗和大都市调整朗之万算法。这允许即使在非常高的维度中也进行高效采样,其中对于马尔可夫链的瞬态和稳态阶段可能需要不同的缩放。该方法利用了统计模型的参数空间的黎曼结构,从而在每一步基于度量张量自动适应局部流形结构。一个半显式的二阶辛积分的不可分的哈密顿推导出模拟路径通过这个流形,提供了高效的收敛和探索的目标密度。通过对逻辑斯谛回归模型、对数高斯Cox点过程、随机波动率模型和非线性微分方程描述的动力系统参数后验的贝叶斯估计进行后验推断,对黎曼流形哈密顿蒙特卡罗方法的性能进行了评估。与替代抽样方法相比,报告了时间标准化有效样本量的实质性改进。\url{http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/inference/rmhmc}中的Matlab代码允许复制所有结果。

英文摘要:

The paper proposes a Riemannian Manifold Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampler to resolve the shortcomings of existing Monte Carlo algorithms when sampling from target densities that may be high dimensional and exhibit strong correlations. The method provides a fully automated adaptation mechanism that circumvents the costly pilot runs required to tune proposal densities for Metropolis-Hastings or indeed Hybrid Monte Carlo and Metropolis Adjusted Langevin Algorithms. This allows for highly efficient sampling even in very high dimensions where different scalings may be required for the transient and stationary phases of the Markov chain. The proposed method exploits the Riemannian structure of the parameter space of statistical models and thus automatically adapts to the local manifold structure at each step based on the metric tensor. A semi-explicit second order symplectic integrator for non-separable Hamiltonians is derived for simulating paths across this manifold which provides highly efficient convergence and exploration of the target density. The performance of the Riemannian Manifold Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method is assessed by performing posterior inference on logistic regression models, log-Gaussian Cox point processes, stochastic volatility models, and Bayesian estimation of parameter posteriors of dynamical systems described by nonlinear differential equations. Substantial improvements in the time normalised Effective Sample Size are reported when compared to alternative sampling approaches. Matlab code at \url{http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/inference/rmhmc} allows replication of all results.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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