磁库仑相位的实验证明
Experimental Proof of a Magnetic Coulomb Phase
摘要：
自旋冰材料是磁性物质，其中自旋方向映射到水冰中的氢位置。最近，这种类比被提升到电磁等效，表明自旋冰状态是库仑相，磁磁激发类似于冰的移动离子缺陷。在实际的磁性材料中还没有证明库仑相，因为在大多数系统中很难解决关键的实验签名。在这里，我们测量的极化中子从原型自旋冰Ho2Ti2O7的散射。这使我们能够分离对磁相关性的不同贡献，以清楚地证明这种材料中存在几乎完美的库仑相。的散射的温度依赖性是一致的存在的退禁闭磁单极连接的狄拉克字符串的发散长度。
英文摘要：
Spin ice materials are magnetic substances in which the spin directions map onto hydrogen positions in water ice. Recently this analogy has been elevated to an electromagnetic equivalence, indicating that the spin ice state is a Coulomb phase, with magnetic monopole excitations analogous to ice's mobile ionic defects. No Coulomb phase has yet been proved in a real magnetic material, as the key experimental signature is difficult to resolve in most systems. Here we measure the scattering of polarised neutrons from the prototypical spin ice Ho2Ti2O7. This enables us to separate different contributions to the magnetic correlations to clearly demonstrate the existence of an almost perfect Coulomb phase in this material. The temperature dependence of the scattering is consistent with the existence of deconfined magnetic monopoles connected by Dirac strings of divergent length.
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