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arXiv 0906.4103astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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星系核球中电离气体的成因及其动力学支持

Origin and Dynamical Support of Ionized Gas in Galaxy Bulges

Luis C. Ho

摘要:

我们结合电离气体([N II] 6583)和恒星中心速度色散,对345个有和没有活动星系核(AGN)的星系样本进行了核气体动力学状态及其物理起源的研究。在30-350 km/s的速度范围内,气体色散与恒星色散有很强的相关性,σ_g/σ_*= 0.6-1.4,平均值为0.80。这些结果与哈勃类型(从E到Sbc的星系),存在或不存在棒或局部星系环境无关。对于Sc型和更晚的星系,以及sigma_* < 40 km/s的星系,气体似乎有一个最小的阈值sigma_g ~ 30 km/s,使得sigma_g/sigma_* 总是超过1。在活动星系核样本中,sigma_g/sigma_* 随着核亮度或埃丁顿比的增加而增加,这可能是活动星系核与吸积盘风或外流相关的反馈的表现。当试图用sigma_g来估计sigma_* 时,这种非引力谱线增宽的额外来源应该被去除。我们表明,窄线区域的质量预算可以占演化恒星的质量损失。气体的运动学主要是随机运动,很大程度上反映了膨胀区高温气体的速度场。最后,我们对活动星系核窄线区观测到的线宽和线亮度之间的相关性给出了一个简单的解释。

英文摘要:

We combine ionized gas ([N II] 6583) and stellar central velocity dispersions for a sample of 345 galaxies, with and without active galactic nuclei (AGNs), to study the dynamical state of the nuclear gas and its physical origin. The gas dispersions strongly correlate with the stellar dispersions over the velocity range of 30-350 km/s such that sigma_g/sigma_* ~ 0.6-1.4, with an average value of 0.80. These results are independent of Hubble type (for galaxies from E to Sbc), presence or absence of a bar, or local galaxy environment. For galaxies of type Sc and later and that have sigma_* < 40 km/s, the gas seems to have a minimum threshold of sigma_g ~ 30 km/s, such that sigma_g/sigma_* always exceeds 1. Within the sample of AGNs, sigma_g/sigma_* increases with nuclear luminosity or Eddington ratio, a possible manifestation of AGN feedback associated with accretion disk winds or outflows. This extra source of nongravitational line broadening should be removed when trying to use sigma_g to estimate sigma_*. We show that the mass budget of the narrow-line region can be accounted for by mass loss from evolved stars. The kinematics of the gas, dominated by random motions, largely reflect the velocity field of the hot gas in the bulge. Lastly, we offer a simple explanation for the correlation between line width and line luminosity observed in the narrow-line region of AGNs.

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