iOrgs（TM）信息系统的规范和承诺：直接逻辑（TM）和间接接地检查
Norms and Commitment for iOrgs(TM) Information Systems: Direct Logic(TM) and Participatory Grounding Checking
摘要：
当涉及到组织时，事件演算的基本假设过于简单化，在这些组织中，时变属性必须被积极地维护和管理，以便继续持有，并且不需要通过另一个动作来终止属性不再持有。即，如果不采取积极措施，事态就会自动失控。同样地，基于一组接地推断的系统接地检查属性也需要扩展和修订。以前的模型检验是基于时间点确定的状态，使用非确定自动机模型进行的。这些非确定性自动机不适合iOrg，iOrg是高度结构化的，只具有松散的非确定性。iOrg信息系统已经被开发为一种技术，在该技术中，组织具有与信息技术紧密集成的人员，该信息技术使组织能够在组织上运作。iOrg将现有的实践形式化，以提供一个框架，用于使用类似于人类组织的方法来解决权限、责任、可伸缩性和鲁棒性等问题。iOrg是Web服务的自然扩展，是大规模组织计算中分布式计算和软件应用互操作的标准。-iOrgs由组织承诺构成，组织承诺是物质承诺的一种特殊情况，被定义为承诺的信息。iOrgs规范被用来说明以下几点：-即使是一个非常简单的规范推理微观理论可以产生不一致在实践中，这是不可能验证的理论的一致性，为一个实际的领域。- 提高推理的安全性。在实际推理中使用经典逻辑和概率论是不安全的。
英文摘要：
The fundamental assumption of the Event Calculus is overly simplistic when it comes to organizations in which time-varying properties have to be actively maintained and managed in order to continue to hold and termination by another action is not required for a property to no longer hold. I.e., if active measures are not taken then things will go haywire by default. Similarly extension and revision is required for Grounding Checking properties of systems based on a set of ground inferences. Previously Model Checking as been performed using the model of nondeterministic automata based on states determined by time-points. These nondeterministic automata are not suitable for iOrgs, which are highly structured and operate asynchronously with only loosely bounded nondeterminism. iOrgs Information Systems have been developed as a technology in which organizations have people that are tightly integrated with information technology that enables them to function organizationally. iOrgs formalize existing practices to provide a framework for addressing issues of authority, accountability, scalability, and robustness using methods that are analogous to human organizations. In general -iOrgs are a natural extension Web Services, which are the standard for distributed computing and software application interoperability in large-scale Organizational Computing. -iOrgs are structured by Organizational Commitment that is a special case of Physical Commitment that is defined to be information pledged. iOrgs norms are used to illustrate the following: -Even a very simple microtheory for normative reasoning can engender inconsistency In practice, it is impossible to verify the consistency of a theory for a practical domain. -Improved Safety in Reasoning. It is not safe to use classical logic and probability theory in practical reasoning.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
