二聚体偶联三聚体对极性化学受体的聚集作用
Polar Chemoreceptor Clustering by Coupled Trimers of Dimers
摘要：
细菌趋化性的受体在细胞两极形成簇，其中簇充当“天线”以放大配体浓度的微小变化。有趣的是，化学感受器在多个长度尺度上聚集。在最小的尺度上，受体形成二聚体，二聚体组装成稳定的二聚体定时器。在大规模下，三聚体形成由数千个受体组成的大型极性簇。虽然我们对受体簇的信号传导特性有很多了解，但受体如何定位在细胞两极以及簇大小的决定因素是什么还不清楚。在这里，我们提出了一个模型的基础上耦合三聚体的二聚体，其中集群大小被确定为最小的集群膜自由能的极性受体集群。该能量具有来自簇膜弹性能的贡献，由于其高固有曲率而惩罚大簇，并且受体-受体偶联有利于大簇。我们发现，减少集群膜曲率不匹配的弯曲细胞极导致大型和强大的极性集群符合实验观察，而横向集群被有效地抑制。
英文摘要：
Receptors of bacterial chemotaxis form clusters at the cell poles, where clusters act as "antennas" to amplify small changes in ligand concentration. Interestingly, chemoreceptors cluster at multiple length scales. At the smallest scale, receptors form dimers, which assemble into stable timers of dimers. At a large scale, trimers form large polar clusters composed of thousands of receptors. Although much is known about the signaling properties emerging from receptor clusters, it is unknown how receptors localize at the cell poles and what the cluster-size determining factors are. Here, we present a model of polar receptor clustering based on coupled trimers of dimers, where cluster size is determined as a minimum of the cluster-membrane free energy. This energy has contributions from the cluster-membrane elastic energy, penalizing large clusters due to their high intrinsic curvature, and receptor-receptor coupling favoring large clusters. We find that the reduced cluster-membrane curvature mismatch at the curved cell poles leads to large and robust polar clusters in line with experimental observation, while lateral clusters are efficiently suppressed.
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