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arXiv 0906.1887astro-ph.IM
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基于GPU的Murchison宽场阵列原型实时软件相关系统

A GPU based real-time software correlation system for the Murchison Widefield Array prototype

Randall B. Wayth, Lincoln J. Greenhill, Frank H. Briggs

摘要:

现代图形处理单元(GPU)是提供Tflop/s理论计算能力的廉价商品硬件。GPU非常适合许多计算密集型任务,包括数字信号处理。我们描述了一个基于GPU的射电天文数字相关器的实现和性能。相关器使用NVIDIA CUDA开发环境实现。我们评估了两代NVIDIA硬件上的三种设计选项。不同的设计以不同的方式利用内部寄存器、共享内存和多处理器。我们发现,最佳的性能是实现与最小化的全局内存读取最近几代硬件的设计。基于GPU的相关器优于一个单线程的CPU相当于一个32天线阵列的60倍,并在商品PC硬件上运行。GPU提供的额外计算能力最大限度地提高了PC的相关能力,同时保留了与使用标准硬件、网络和编程语言相关的快速开发时间。通过这种方式,基于GPU的关联系统代表了高性能定制硬件和纯基于CPU的软件关联之间的设计空间的中间地带。相关器被部署在Murchison Widefield Array 32天线原型系统中,在那里它可以长时间实时运行。我们简要描述了原型阵列的数据捕获,流和相关系统。

英文摘要:

Modern graphics processing units (GPUs) are inexpensive commodity hardware that offer Tflop/s theoretical computing capacity. GPUs are well suited to many compute-intensive tasks including digital signal processing. We describe the implementation and performance of a GPU-based digital correlator for radio astronomy. The correlator is implemented using the NVIDIA CUDA development environment. We evaluate three design options on two generations of NVIDIA hardware. The different designs utilize the internal registers, shared memory and multiprocessors in different ways. We find that optimal performance is achieved with the design that minimizes global memory reads on recent generations of hardware. The GPU-based correlator outperforms a single-threaded CPU equivalent by a factor of 60 for a 32 antenna array, and runs on commodity PC hardware. The extra compute capability provided by the GPU maximises the correlation capability of a PC while retaining the fast development time associated with using standard hardware, networking and programming languages. In this way, a GPU-based correlation system represents a middle ground in design space between high performance, custom built hardware and pure CPU-based software correlation. The correlator was deployed at the Murchison Widefield Array 32 antenna prototype system where it ran in real-time for extended periods. We briefly describe the data capture, streaming and correlation system for the prototype array.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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