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arXiv 0906.0757astro-ph.CO
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作为星系的M82:盘和晕的形态和恒星含量

M82 as a Galaxy: Morphology and Stellar Content of the Disk and Halo

Y. Divakara Mayya, Luis Carrasco

摘要:

几十年来,核恒星暴一直是M82的焦点,很少有人讨论M82作为一个星系。在过去的十年中,随着关于其盘和晕的形态和恒星含量的一些重要结果的发表,情况正在发生变化。在这篇综述中,我们将在M82星系的框架内讨论这些最新的发现。近半个世纪以来,人们都知道M82作为一个星系并不遵循正常星系的预期趋势,这促使形态学家以Irr II或无定形的名义引入了一个单独的形态类型。现在人们已经了解到,其明显独特的形态外观背后的主要原因是其独特的恒星形成历史,气体密度的径向分布和旋转曲线的形式。该盘几乎所有的恒星都是在大约5亿年前通过爆发模式形成的,而盘状恒星的形成在大约1亿年前完全熄灭。盘状爆发的化石记录以数百个致密星团的形式存在,它们的质量与银河系中的球状星团相似,但要年轻一个数量级。目前的恒星形成完全局限于中央500 pc区域,其中包含200多个年轻的致密星团。该盘包含一个非恒星形成的螺旋臂,由于消光和视线高度倾斜的组合,从光学视图中隐藏起来。M82的晕圈在其恒星成分方面也是不寻常的,有证据表明恒星形成,尽管在低水平上,持续发生超过十亿年。我们仔细研究了每一个观察到的异常,以研究相互作用对M82进化的整体影响。

英文摘要:

For decades, the nuclear starburst has taken all the limelight in M82 with very little discussion on M82 as a galaxy. The situation is changing over the last decade, with the publication of some important results on the morphology and stellar content of its disk and halo. In this review, we discuss these recent findings in the framework of M82 as a galaxy. It is known for almost half a century that M82 as a galaxy doesn't follow the trends expected for normal galaxies that had prompted the morphologists to introduce a separate morphological type under the name Irr II or amorphous. It is now being understood that the main reasons behind its apparently distinct morphological appearance are its peculiar star formation history, radial distribution of gas density and the form of the rotation curve. The disk formed almost all of its stars through a burst mode around 500 Myr ago, with the disk star formation completely quenched around 100 Myr ago. The fossil record of the disk-wide burst lies in the form of hundreds of compact star clusters, similar in mass to that of the globular clusters in the Milky Way, but an order of magnitude younger. The present star formation is restricted entirely to the central 500 pc zone, that contains more than 200 young compact star clusters. The disk contains a non-star-forming spiral arm, hidden from the optical view by a combination of extinction and high inclination to the line of sight. The halo of M82 is also unusual in its stellar content, with evidence for star formation, albeit at low levels, occurring continuously for over a gigayear. We carefully examine each of the observed abnormality to investigate the overall effect of interaction on the evolution of M82.

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