带障碍物的行人出口的引导和转向功能介绍
Introduction of Frictional and Turning Function for Pedestrian Outflow with an Obstacle
摘要：
本文通过对影响瓶颈口人流的两个重要因素的详细研究，分析了在出口处设置障碍物的影响。一个是当行人从房间疏散时，在出口处发生的冲突。我们使用地板场模型来模拟这种行为，这是一个研究得很好的行人模型，使用元胞自动机。摩擦参数考虑了这些冲突。然而，到目前为止，摩擦参数是一个常数，并不依赖于在同一时间发生冲突的行人的数量。因此，我们改进了摩擦参数的摩擦功能，这是一个功能的行人参与冲突的数量。第二，我们新引入了行人在出口处转弯的成本。由于行人有惯性，转弯时行走速度降低，行人流量减少。通过平均场论和实验验证了该模型的有效性。在我们的实验中，当我们在出口前放置障碍物时，行人流量会增加。分析结果清楚地解释了障碍物的作用机理，即，障碍物阻挡了行人向出口移动，并减少了参与冲突的行人的平均数量。我们还发现，当我们将障碍物从中心移开时，障碍物的效果会更好，因为行人通过出口时转弯较少。
英文摘要：
In this paper, two important factors which affect the pedestrian outflow at a bottleneck significantly are studied in detail to analyze the effect of an obstacle set up in front of an exit. One is a conflict at an exit when pedestrians evacuate from a room. We use floor field model for simulating such behavior, which is a well-studied pedestrian model using cellular automata. The conflicts have been taken into account by the friction parameter. However, the friction parameter so far is a constant and does not depend on the number of the pedestrians conflicting at the same time. Thus, we have improved the friction parameter by the frictional function, which is a function of the number of the pedestrians involved in the conflict. Second, we have newly introduced the cost of turning of pedestrians at the exit. Since pedestrians have inertia, their walking speeds decrease when they turn, and the pedestrian outflow decreases. The validity of the extended model, which includes the frictional function and the turning function, is verified by both a mean field theory and experiments. In our experiments, the pedestrian flow increases when we put an obstacle in front of an exit. The analytical results clearly explains the mechanism of the effect of the obstacle, i.e., the obstacle blocks pedestrians moving to the exit and decreases the average number of pedestrians involved in the conflict. We have also found that an obstacle works more effectively when we shift it from the center since pedestrians go through the exit with less turning.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
