一个随机最优速度模型及其长寿命亚稳性
A stochastic optimal velocity model and its long-lived metastability
摘要：
本文提出了一种交通流的随机元胞自动机模型，它扩展了两个精确可解的随机模型，非对称简单排它过程和零程过程。此外，它被认为是一个随机扩展的最优速度模型。在基本图（通量密度图），我们的模型表现出几个区域的密度，一个以上的稳定状态共存于同一密度，尽管其动力学规则的随机性。此外，我们观察到，两个长寿命的亚稳态出现的过渡期，并从一个亚稳态到另一个亚稳态/稳定态的动态相变发生急剧和自发。
英文摘要：
In this paper, we propose a stochastic cellular automaton model of traffic flow extending two exactly solvable stochastic models, i.e., the asymmetric simple exclusion process and the zero range process. Moreover it is regarded as a stochastic extension of the optimal velocity model. In the fundamental diagram (flux-density diagram), our model exhibits several regions of density where more than one stable state coexists at the same density in spite of the stochastic nature of its dynamical rule. Moreover, we observe that two long-lived metastable states appear for a transitional period, and that the dynamical phase transition from a metastable state to another metastable/stable state occurs sharply and spontaneously.
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