电磁黑洞周围真空极化产生的$e^-e^+$对
$e^-e^+$ pair creation by vacuum polarization around electromagnetic black holes
摘要：
最近引入了“对环面”的概念，以确定在克尔-纽曼几何中可能发生真空极化过程的区域，从而产生$e^--e^+$对。这个概念推广了最初为Reissner-Nordström几何引入的“双球面”的原始概念。本文研究了轴对称对环面的拓扑结构，并在选定的电场值下，用三种不同的方法估算了其电磁能量，得到了相同的结果。通过一个具体的例子说明了双孔体和双球体的区别。对总质量能量和荷质比与Reissner-Nordström黑洞相同的Kerr-Newman黑洞进行了比较。事实证明，与Reissner-Nordström黑洞的电场和能量相比，Kerr-Newman黑洞导致更大的电磁场和能量值。讨论了这些理论结果对于真实描述导致黑洞形成的引力坍缩过程以及伽马射线暴的能量来源的意义。
英文摘要：
The concept of "dyadotorus" was recently introduced to identify in the Kerr-Newman geometry the region where vacuum polarization processes may occur, leading to the creation of $e^--e^+$ pairs. This concept generalizes the original concept of "dyadosphere" initially introduced for Reissner-Nordström geometries. The topology of the axially symmetric dyadotorus is studied for selected values of the electric field and its electromagnetic energy is estimated by using three different methods all giving the same result. It is shown by a specific example the difference between a dyadotorus and a dyadosphere. The comparison is made for a Kerr-Newman black hole with the same total mass energy and the same charge to mass ratio of a Reissner-Nordström black hole. It turns out that the Kerr-Newman black hole leads to larger values of the electromagnetic field and energy when compared to the electric field and energy of the Reissner-Nordström one. The significance of these theoretical results for the realistic description of the process of gravitational collapse leading to black hole formation as well as the energy source of gamma ray bursts are also discussed.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
