识别基本粒子
Discerning Elementary Particles
摘要：
Muller & Saunders（2008）的量子力学结果以两种方式建立了有限维希尔伯特空间中任意数量的相似费米子的弱可分辨性：（a）对于所有有限维希尔伯特空间，从费米子到玻色子;（b）对于所有基本粒子，从有限维希尔伯特空间到无限维希尔伯特空间。在这两种情况下，这都是使用其物理意义毋庸置疑的算符来实现的。这驳斥了目前占主导地位的观点，即（A）对相似粒子的量子力学描述与莱布尼茨的不可否认的同一性原理（PII）相冲突;（B）拯救PII的唯一方法是采用某种前康德的形而上学概念，如苏格兰的haecceittas或亚当斯的原始这个性。我们站在Muller & Saunders（2008）一边，反对这一目前占主导地位的观点，这一观点已经得到了薛定谔、Margenau、Cortes、Dalla Chiara、Di Francia、Redhead、French、Teller、Butterfield、Mittelstaedt、Giuntini、Castellani、Krause和Huggett等人的阐述和辩护。
英文摘要：
We extend the quantum-mechanical results of Muller & Saunders (2008) establishing the weak discernibility of an arbitrary number of similar fermions in finite-dimensional Hilbert-spaces in two ways: (a) from fermions to bosons for all finite-dimensional Hilbert-spaces; and (b) from finite-dimensional to infinite-dimensional Hilbert-spaces for all elementary particles. In both cases this is performed using operators whose physical significance is beyond doubt.This confutes the currently dominant view that (A) the quantum-mechanical description of similar particles conflicts with Leibniz's Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles (PII); and that (B) the only way to save PII is by adopting some pre-Kantian metaphysical notion such as Scotusian haecceittas or Adamsian primitive thisness. We take sides with Muller & Saunders (2008) against this currently dominant view, which has been expounded and defended by, among others, Schrödinger, Margenau, Cortes, Dalla Chiara, Di Francia, Redhead, French, Teller, Butterfield, Mittelstaedt, Giuntini, Castellani, Krause and Huggett.
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