用超冷中子自旋进动检验洛伦兹不变性
Test of Lorentz invariance with spin precession of ultracold neutrons
摘要：
本文报道了一个分析超冷中子和$^{199}$ Hg原子自旋旋进频率比的钟比较实验。我们没有发现这个比率的日变化，由此可以确定违反宇宙各向异性场$b_{\bot} < 2 \times 10^{-20} {\rm eV}$的洛伦兹不变性的上限（95% C.L.）。这是自由中子的第一个极限。这一结果也被解释为中子与太阳的自旋相关相互作用对中子$|g_n| < 0.3 $ eV/ $c^2$ m引力偶极矩的直接限制。根据以前的数据，分析与地球的引力相互作用，产生更严格的极限$|g_n| < 3 \times 10^{-4} $ eV/ $c^2 $ m。
英文摘要：
A clock comparison experiment, analyzing the ratio of spin precession frequencies of stored ultracold neutrons and $^{199}$Hg atoms is reported. %57 No daily variation of this ratio could be found, from which is set an upper limit on the Lorentz invariance violating cosmic anisotropy field $b_{\bot} < 2 \times 10^{-20} {\rm eV}$ (95% C.L.). This is the first limit for the free neutron. This result is also interpreted as a direct limit on the gravitational dipole moment of the neutron $|g_n| < 0.3 $eV/$c^2$ m from a spin-dependent interaction with the Sun. Analyzing the gravitational interaction with the Earth, based on previous data, yields a more stringent limit $|g_n| < 3 \times 10^{-4} $eV/$c^2 $m.
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