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arXiv 0905.2193astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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关于红色星系的性质:Chandra观点

On the nature of red galaxies: the Chandra perspective

M. A. Campisi, C. Vignali, M. Brusa, E. Daddi, A. Comastri, L. Pozzetti, D. M. Alexander, A. Renzini, N. Arimoto, X. Kong

摘要:

我们给出了钱德拉观测到的极红天体(ERO)的X射线特性,这些极红天体有三个部分重叠的点(最高可达90 k),覆盖面积约为500弧分^[2],通量极限为0.5 ~ 8 keV,约为10-15 erg cm-2 s-1。我们使用多波段光度星表选择ERO,其KS波段星等为~19.3(Vega系统);在X射线中检测到14个ERO,相当于总X射线源总数的~9%(149个X射线源)和ERO总数的~5%(288个)。所有X射线探测到的ERO的X射线发射与活动星系核(AGN)的一致(在光度红移z > 1时>=3.5x10^{42} erg s-1),与先前的X射线观测结果一致,具有在三个X射线最亮ERO和11个X射线最亮ERO之间增加吸收的指示。我们利用Chandra提供的良好的空间分辨率和有限的背景,通过叠加分析对X射线未检测到的ERO的种群进行约束。在观测到的0.5-8 keV波段中,它们的叠加发射的统计显著性为5.7 sigma,提供了z=1处的平均本征吸收的上限为2.5x10^{22} cm^{-2},对应于静止坐标系0.5-8 keV的光度为8.9x10^{41} erg s^{-1}。我们估计,任何与吸积相关的X射线发射的堆叠信号可能是“稀释”的发射,由于在正常星系和恒星形成活动的尘埃笼罩的星系在高红移的热气。

英文摘要:

We present the X-ray properties of the extremely red objects (ERO) population observed by Chandra with three partially overlapping pointings (up to ~90 ks) over an area of ~500 arcmin^2, down to a 0.5-8 keV flux limit of ~10-15 erg cm-2 s-1. We selected EROs using a multi-band photometric catalog down to a KS-band magnitude of ~19.3 (Vega system); 14 EROs were detected in X-rays, corresponding to ~9% of the overall X-ray source population (149 X-ray sources) and to ~5% of the ERO population (288). The X-ray emission of all X-ray detected EROs is consistent with that of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) (>=3.5x10^{42} erg s-1 at photometric redshifts z > 1), in agreement with previous X-ray observations, with an indication of increasing absorption between the three X-ray brightest EROs and the 11 X-ray faintest EROs.We take advantage of the good spatial resolution and limited background provided by Chandra to place constraints on the population of the X-ray undetected EROs by a stacking analysis. Their stacked emission, whose statistical significance is 5.7sigma in the observed 0.5-8 keV band, provides an upper limit to the average intrinsic absorption at z=1 of 2.5x10^{22} cm^{-2} and corresponds to a rest-frame 0.5-8 keV luminosity of 8.9x10^{41} erg s^{-1} . We estimate that any accretion-related X-ray emission to the stacked signal is likely "diluted" by emission due to hot gas in normal galaxies and star-formation activity in dust-enshrouded galaxies at high redshift.

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