公共交通网络抵御攻击的能力
Resilience of public transport networks against attacks
摘要：
复杂网络在故障或攻击下的行为强烈依赖于特定的场景。特别令人感兴趣的是无标度网络，它通常被视为在随机故障下是健壮的，但似乎特别容易受到有针对性的攻击。最近对世界上14个主要城市的公共交通网络的研究表明，这些系统在用适当的图表示时可能表现出无标度行为[C。von Ferber等人，Physica A 380，585（2007），Eur. J. B 68，261（2009）]。我们目前的分析，侧重于失效或删除的节点上的公共交通网络的属性的影响。模拟不同的定向攻击策略，我们得出的脆弱性标准，导致最小的战略，对这些系统的影响很大。
英文摘要：
The behavior of complex networks under failure or attack depends strongly on the specific scenario. Of special interest are scale-free networks, which are usually seen as robust under random failure but appear to be especially vulnerable to targeted attacks. In recent studies of public transport networks of fourteen major cities of the world it was shown that these systems when represented by appropriate graphs may exhibit scale-free behavior [C. von Ferber et al., Physica A 380, 585 (2007), Eur. Phys. J. B 68, 261 (2009)]. Our present analysis, focuses on the effects that defunct or removed nodes have on the properties of public transport networks. Simulating different directed attack strategies, we derive vulnerability criteria that result in minimal strategies with high impact on these systems.
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