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arXiv 0905.1577astro-ph.CO
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斯皮策类星体和ULIRG演化研究(QUEST)。IV。1-Jy超铝红外星系与帕洛马-绿类星体的比较

Spitzer Quasar and ULIRG Evolution Study (QUEST). IV. Comparison of 1-Jy Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies with Palomar-Green Quasars

S. Veilleux, D. S. N. Rupke, D. -C. Kim, R. Genzel, E. Sturm, D. Lutz, A. Contursi, M. Schweitzer, L. J. Tacconi, H. Netzer, A. Sternberg, J. C. Mihos, A. J. Ba… 展开作者

S. Veilleux, D. S. N. Rupke, D. -C. Kim, R. Genzel, E. Sturm, D. Lutz, A. Contursi, M. Schweitzer, L. J. Tacconi, H. Netzer, A. Sternberg, J. C. Mihos, A. J. Baker, J. M. Mozzarella, S. Lord, D. B. Sanders, A. Stockton, R. D. Joseph, J. E. Barnes

摘要:

本文报道了用Spitzer红外光谱仪(IRS)对z ~ 0.3$范围内的74个超亮红外星系(ULIRGs)和34个Palomar-Green(PG)类星体的综合研究结果。用六种独立的方法对这些系统中核活度对辐射热光度的贡献进行了定量,这些方法跨越了一个波长范围,平均结果一致性在~ +/-10-15%之间。在ULIRGs中,AGN的平均贡献率约为35- 40%,在“冷”(f25/f60 =< 0.2)光学分类的类HII ULIRGs和LINER ULIRGs中,AGN的平均贡献率约为15-35%,而在温暖的Seyfert 2 ULIRGs和Seyfert 1 ULIRGs中,AGN的平均贡献率分别约为50%和75%。这个数字在PG类星体中超过了~80%。ULIRG属于三种不同的活动星系核类型之一:(1)具有小折射率和大PAH等效宽度的物体是高度星暴主导的;(2)具有大折射率和中等PAH等效宽度的系统具有较大的活动星系核贡献,但仍然倾向于星暴主导;(3)具有小折射率和小PAH等效宽度的ULIRG拥有至少与星暴一样强大的活动星系核。活动星系核在第2类超红外星系中的贡献比其他天体更不确定,我们不能正式排除这些天体代表一种物理上不同类型的超红外星系的可能性。沿着序列(1)-(2)-(3)观察到一种形态趋势,与标准ULIRG-QSO演化情景大体一致,并暗示在合并演化的中间阶段有一个广泛的灭绝高峰。然而,在这个序列中的分散,意味着黑洞吸积,除了取决于合并阶段,也有很强的混乱/随机成分,在本地AGN。(节略)

英文摘要:

We report the results from a comprehensive study of 74 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) and 34 Palomar-Green (PG) quasars within z ~ 0.3$ observed with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS). The contribution of nuclear activity to the bolometric luminosity in these systems is quantified using six independent methods that span a range in wavelength and give consistent results within ~ +/-10-15% on average. The average derived AGN contribution in ULIRGs is ~35-40%, ranging from ~15-35% among "cool" (f_25/f_60 =< 0.2) optically classified HII-like and LINER ULIRGs to ~50 and ~75% among warm Seyfert 2 and Seyfert 1 ULIRGs, respectively. This number exceeds ~80% in PG QSOs. ULIRGs fall in one of three distinct AGN classes: (1) objects with small extinctions and large PAH equivalent widths are highly starburst-dominated; (2) systems with large extinctions and modest PAH equivalent widths have larger AGN contributions, but still tend to be starburst-dominated; and (3) ULIRGs with both small extinctions and small PAH equivalent widths host AGN that are at least as powerful as the starbursts. The AGN contributions in class 2 ULIRGs are more uncertain than in the other objects, and we cannot formally rule out the possibility that these objects represent a physically distinct type of ULIRGs. A morphological trend is seen along the sequence (1)-(2)-(3), in general agreement with the standard ULIRG - QSO evolution scenario and suggestive of a broad peak in extinction during the intermediate stages of merger evolution. However, the scatter in this sequence, implies that black hole accretion, in addition to depending on the merger phase, also has a strong chaotic/random component, as in local AGN. (abridged)

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