量子系统中的经典行为：云室中直径迹的情况
Classical behavior in quantum systems: the case of straight tracks in a cloud chamber
摘要：
这篇评论的目的是以教学的方式讨论在某些物理系统中出现经典行为的问题，这些物理系统在原则上是由量子力学正确描述的。需要强调的是，$\hbar \to 0$的限度是不够的，必须考虑到环境所起的关键作用。特别是它是回顾老问题提出的莫特在1929年（\cite{m}）有关的直轨道观察到的云室，产生的$α$ -粒子发射的源的形式，一个球面波。从历史的角度讨论了这个问题的概念相关性，以便更清楚地理解经典极限。此外，提出了一个简单的数学模型，其中Mott的结果是在严格的数学方法。
英文摘要：
The aim of this review is to discuss in a pedagogical way the problem of the emergence of a classical behavior in certain physical systems which, in principle, are correctly described by quantum mechanics. It is stressed that the limit $\hbar \to 0$ is not sufficient and the crucial role played by the environment must be taken into account. In particular it is recalled the old problem raised by Mott in 1929 (\cite{m}) concerning the straight tracks observed in a cloud chamber, produced by an $α$-particle emitted by a source in the form of a spherical wave. The conceptual relevance of the problem for a clearer understanding of the classical limit is discussed in a historical perspective. Moreover a simple mathematical model is proposed, where the result of Mott is obtained in a rigorous mathematical way.
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