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arXiv 0905.1147cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.other
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几个强排斥硬球玻色子在具有紧外谐波限制的光晶格中的隧穿:连续空间中的量子Monte Carlo研究

Tunneling of a few strongly repulsive hard-sphere bosons in an optical lattice with tight external harmonic confinement: A quantum Monte Carlo investigation in continuous space

Asaad R. Sakhel, Jonathan L. Dubois, Roger R. Sakhel

摘要:

研究了强排斥相互作用对简立方(sc)光晶格中硬球(HS)玻色子隧穿振幅的影响.采用量子变分Monte Carlo(VMC)和变分路径积分Monte Carlo(VPI)方法,在零温下进行了计算。还考虑了晶格间距$π/k$对隧穿振幅的影响。进一步揭示了格点的占位性随玻色子间排斥力的变化规律。我们的主要结果是,对于少量玻色子(N = 8),相邻阱中波函数的重叠不随排斥相互作用的增加而改变,而对于大量粒子(N = 40),其变化很小。隧穿振幅随着晶格间距的减小而增大。此外,随着HS排斥的增加,陷阱中心的占有率降低,有利于陷阱边缘晶格位置的占有率上升。此外,人们发现,在某些光学深度的每个粒子的能量是不敏感的粒子的数量和HS玻色子直径的变化。为了支持我们的结果,我们比较了VMC的结果与相应的VPI结果。

英文摘要:

The effect of strongly repulsive interactions on the tunneling amplitude of hard-sphere (HS) bosons confined in a simple cubic (sc) optical lattice plus tight external harmonic confinement in continuous space is investigated. The quantum variational Monte Carlo (VMC) and the variational path integral Monte Carlo (VPI) techniques are used at zero temperature. The effects of the lattice spacing $π/k$ on the tunneling amplitude is also considered. The occupancies of the lattice sites as a function of the repulsion between the bosons are further revealed. Our chief result is, that for a small number of bosons (N=8) the overlap of the wave functions in neighboring wells does not change with an increase of the repulsive interactions and changes only minimally for a larger number of particles (N=40). The tunneling amplitude rises with a reduction in the lattice spacing. In addition, the occupancy of the center of the trap decreases in favor of a rise in the occupancy of the lattice sites at the edges of the trap with increasing HS repulsion. Further, it was found that the energy per particle at certain optical depths is insensitive to the number of particles and variations in the HS diameter of the bosons. In order to support our results, we compare the VMC results with corresponding VPI results.

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