电磁辐射的Angular Momentum。应用于无线电领域的基础物理学，以促进空间创新研究和无线通信新概念的发展
Angular Momentum of Electromagnetic Radiation. Fundamental physics applied to the radio domain for innovative studies of space and development of new concepts in wireless communications
摘要：
在本学位论文中，我们通过分析和利用光学中取得的成果来研究携带轨道角动量（OAM）的电磁场的特性，然后将其应用于无线电领域，以实现空间的创新无线电研究和无线通信新概念的发展。随着近年来快速数字转换器的出现，在宽的射频范围内，不仅可以操纵由无线电波束携带的任何给定信号的调制特性，而且可以操纵组成无线电波束本身的物理场矢量。通过对近10-15年来光学和量子通信领域研究成果的归纳和总结，我们提取了轨道角动量场的核心信息。我们表明，有了这些信息，有可能设计一个阵列的天线，连同数字接收器/发射器，可以很容易地产生，在完全软件控制下，一个无线电波束，携带电磁轨道角动量，一个经典的电动力学量已知一个世纪，但到目前为止，珍贵的很少利用无线电，如果在所有。然后，该电磁场在各种天线阵列技术的帮助下进行优化，以提高无线电矢量场的质量。通过对麦克斯韦方程组的第一性原理显式数值解，利用实际的工业标准天线软件包，我们证明了该场确实携带轨道角动量，并给出了如何探测和测量无线电波束中轨道角动量的提示。最后，我们讨论并解释了这可以用于什么以及未来可能会在这一领域带来什么。
英文摘要：
In this diploma thesis we study the characteristics of electromagnetic fields carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) by analyzing and utilizing results achieved in optics and then apply them to the radio domain to enable innovative radio studies of space and the development of new concepts in wireless communications. With the recent advent of fast digital converters it has become possible, over a wide radio frequency range, to manipulate not only the modulation properties of any given signal carried by a radio beam, but also the physical field vectors which make up the radio beam itself. Drawing inferences from results obtained in optics and quantum communication research during the past 10-15 years, we extract the core information about fields carrying orbital angular momentum. We show that with this information it is possible to design an array of antennas which, together with digital receivers/transmitters, can readily produce, under full software control, a radio beam that carries electromagnetic orbital angular momentum, a classical electrodynamics quantity known for a century but so far preciously little utilized in radio, if at all. This electromagnetic field is then optimized with the help of various antenna array techniques to improve the radio vector field qualities. By explicit numerical solution of the Maxwell equations from first principles, using a de facto industrial standard antenna software package, we show that the field indeed carries orbital angular momentum, and give a hint on how to detect and measure orbital angular momentum in radio beams. Finally, we discuss and give an explanation of what this can be used for and what the future might bring in this area.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
