中性介子的Ω效应
The Omega Effect for Neutral Mesons
摘要：
退相干由于时空泡沫的可能作用进行了讨论的背景下，两个模型，一个基于弦/膜理论。另一种是基于广义相对论中黑洞视界的性质。主要从非临界弦论中的重整化群流的研究出发，认为密度矩阵满足一个耗散主方程，这种对Liouville场的零模随时间变化的解释必然导致CPT算子的不恰当定义.一个引人注目的结果是介子工厂中产生的中性介子对态的量子力学关联从通常的EPR态改变。这种偏离EPR相关性的幅度由参数$ω$表征。$ω$的预测值非常小或为零。然而，它明确表明，非零的$ω$是只有一个功能的模型的基础上弦/膜理论。
英文摘要：
The possible role of decoherence due to space-time foam is discussed within the context of two models, one based on string/brane theory. and the other based on properties of black hole horizons in general relativity. It is argued that the density matrix satisfies a dissipative master equation, primarily from the study of renormalization group flows in non-critical string theory.This interpretation of the zero mode of the Liouville field as time leads necessarily to the CPT operator being ill defined. One striking consequence is that the quantum mechanical correlations of pair states of neutral mesons produced in meson factories are changed from the usual EPR state. The magnitude of this departure from EPR correlations is characterised by a parameter $ω$. The predicted value of $ω$ is very small or zero. However it is shown explicitly that the the non-vanishing of $ω$ is only a feature of the model based on string/brane theory.
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