跨越Vaughan-Preston间隙色球活动的研究：对恒星年龄的影响
An investigation of chromospheric activity spanning the Vaughan--Preston gap: impact on stellar ages
摘要：
色球活动被广泛用作太阳型恒星的年龄指标，其依据是早期证据表明，从年轻和活跃的恒星到年老和不活跃的恒星会有一个平稳的演化过程。我们分析了两个疏散星团中五颗太阳型恒星的色球活动，以研究色球活动如何随时间演变。我们拍摄了IC 4756中3颗星和NGC 5822中2颗星的UVES高分辨率、高信噪比光谱，并结合以前研究的数据集进行了重新分析。深层光球Ca II K线的发射核心被用作色球活动的探测器。新样本中的所有5颗恒星，包括1.2 Gyr-old NGC 5822中的恒星，其活动水平与毕宿二和Praesepe相当。对我们的数据的一个可能的解释是，太阳型恒星的色球活动，从毕星团的年龄到太阳的年龄，并没有平稳地演变。恒星从活跃到不活跃的变化是在很短的时间尺度上发生的。这种转变前后的演变远不如周期性和长期变化那么重要。我们表明，文献中提出的数据，以支持年龄和活动之间的相关性，也可以根据我们的研究结果进行不同的解释。
英文摘要：
Chromospheric activity is widely used as an age indicator for solar-type stars based on the early evidence that there is a smooth evolution from young and active to old and inactive stars. We analysed chromospheric activity in five solar-type stars in two open clusters, in order to study how chromospheric activity evolves with time. We took UVES high-resolution, high S/N ratio spectra of 3 stars in IC 4756 and 2 in NGC 5822, which were combined with a previously studied data-set and reanalysed here. The emission core of the deep, photospheric Ca II K line was used as a probe of the chromospheric activity. All of the 5 stars in the new sample, including those in the 1.2 Gyr-old NGC 5822, have activity levels comparable to those of Hyades and Praesepe. A likely interpretation of our data is that solar-type-star chromospheric activity, from the age of the Hyades until that of the Sun, does not evolve smoothly. Stars change from active to inactive on a short timescale. Evolution before and after such a transition is much less significant than cyclical and long-term variations. We show that data presented in the literature to support a correlation between age and activity could be also interpreted differently in the light of our results.
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