光学量子信息实验室中的自适应测量
Adaptive Measurements in the Optical Quantum Information Laboratory
摘要：
自适应技术使许多量子测量变得实用，否则这些测量将超出当前实验室的能力。举例来说：它们允许以等于Helstrom界限的误差概率来鉴别非正交状态;它们允许以接近（或在某些情况下达到）海森堡极限的精度来测量量子振荡器的相位;并且它们允许仅使用单个量子比特测量和控制来以海森堡极限处的方差缩放来估计干涉测量中的相位。这些例子中的每一个都与量子信息，特别是实验光学量子信息有密切的联系：第一个是基本的量子通信协议;第二个在线性光学量子计算中有潜在的应用;第三个使用受量子相位估计算法启发的自适应协议。我们讨论这些例子中的每一个，以及它们在实验室中的实现，但集中在最近发表的最后一个[Higgins { \em et al.}，Nature第450卷，第393页，2007]。
英文摘要：
Adaptive techniques make practical many quantum measurements that would otherwise be beyond current laboratory capabilities. For example: they allow discrimination of nonorthogonal states with a probability of error equal to the Helstrom bound; they allow measurement of the phase of a quantum oscillator with accuracy approaching (or in some cases attaining) the Heisenberg limit; and they allow estimation of phase in interferometry with a variance scaling at the Heisenberg limit, using only single qubit measurement and control. Each of these examples has close links with quantum information, in particular experimental optical quantum information: the first is a basic quantum communication protocol; the second has potential application in linear optical quantum computing; the third uses an adaptive protocol inspired by the quantum phase estimation algorithm. We discuss each of these examples, and their implementation in the laboratory, but concentrate upon the last, which was published most recently [Higgins {\em et al.}, Nature vol. 450, p. 393, 2007].
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
