超过一半的远红外背景光来自z >= 1.2的星系
Over half of the far-infrared background light comes from galaxies at z >= 1.2
摘要：
过去十年的亚毫米测量发现了一群明亮、高红移、尘埃的星暴星系。在红移1 <= z <= 4的范围内，这些巨大的亚毫米星系经历了一个阶段，其特征是光学模糊的恒星形成速率是本地宇宙的数百倍。来自这个高能量过程的一半星光被吸收，并在接近30 K的温度下被尘埃云热再辐射，在其余帧中光谱能量分布在100微米处达到峰值。在1 <= z <= 4处，峰值红移到200和500微米之间的波长。这些星系的累积效应是产生具有近似相等能量密度的河外光学和远红外背景。自从最初探测到远红外背景（FIRB）以来，更高分辨率的实验试图将这种综合辐射分解为单个星系的贡献。在这里，我们报告的结果，河外调查在250，350和500微米。结合我们在500微米和24微米处的结果，我们确定所有的FIRB都来自单个星系，z >= 1.2的星系占其中的70%。正如预期的那样，在最长波长处，信号主要是z > 1的超亮星系。
英文摘要：
Submillimetre surveys during the past decade have discovered a population of luminous, high-redshift, dusty starburst galaxies. In the redshift range 1 <= z <= 4, these massive submillimetre galaxies go through a phase characterized by optically obscured star formation at rates several hundred times that in the local Universe. Half of the starlight from this highly energetic process is absorbed and thermally re-radiated by clouds of dust at temperatures near 30 K with spectral energy distributions peaking at 100 microns in the rest frame. At 1 <= z <= 4, the peak is redshifted to wavelengths between 200 and 500 microns. The cumulative effect of these galaxies is to yield extragalactic optical and far-infrared backgrounds with approximately equal energy densities. Since the initial detection of the far-infrared background (FIRB), higher-resolution experiments have sought to decompose this integrated radiation into the contributions from individual galaxies. Here we report the results of an extragalactic survey at 250, 350 and 500 microns. Combining our results at 500 microns with those at 24 microns, we determine that all of the FIRB comes from individual galaxies, with galaxies at z >= 1.2 accounting for 70 per cent of it. As expected, at the longest wavelengths the signal is dominated by ultraluminous galaxies at z > 1.
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