纤毛动力学的几何
The Geometry of Ciliary Dynamics
摘要：
纤毛是能动的生物附属物，其被微管蛋白丝之间的内部剪切应力驱动而弯曲。构建了睫状体材料的连续体模型，该模型包含了基本的睫状体约束：（1）细丝的一维不可伸展性，（2）三维不可压缩性，以及（3）仅沿细丝的剪切应变。这种假设的纤毛材料结合了一维和三维特性，使其成为真实纤毛如何在更大范围内将纳米级剪切应力转化为运动性的自然和灵活模型。在不涉及纤毛的演变形状的情况下，应用于该假设材料的常规连续介质力学导致纤毛动力学的标准模型，但是具有一个附加项，该附加项是上述约束（2）和（3）所要求的，在一般纤毛运动中剪切和扭转的模型独立耦合。
英文摘要：
Cilia are motile biological appendages that are driven to bend by internal shear stresses between tubulin filaments. A continuum model of ciliary material is constructed that incorporates the essential ciliary constraints: (1) one-dimensional inextensibility of filaments, (2) three-dimensional incompressibility, and (3) shear strain only along filaments. This hypothetical ciliary material combines one- and three-dimensional properties in a way that makes it a natural and flexible model for how real cilia convert nanoscopic shear stress into motility on a much larger scale. Without reference to the evolving shape of the cilium, conventional continuum mechanics applied to this hypothetical material leads to the standard model of ciliary dynamics, but with one additional term, required by constraints (2) and (3) above, a model-independent coupling of shear and twist in general ciliary motion.
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