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arXiv 0903.4880astro-ph.EPastro-ph.GA
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利用全天Transit巡天发现和表征过境SuperEarths和詹姆斯·韦伯Space Telescope的后续行动

Discovery and Characterization of Transiting SuperEarths Using an All-Sky Transit Survey and Follow-up by the James Webb Space Telescope

D. Deming, S. Seager, J. Winn, E. Miller-Ricci, M. Clampin, D. Lindler, T. Greene, D. Charbonneau, G. Laughlin, G. Ricker, D. Latham, K. Ennico

摘要:

多普勒和凌日观测正在寻找质量和半径越来越小的太阳系外行星,现在正在对超级地球(1-3个地球半径)进行采样。多普勒巡天的最新结果表明,在一颗低主序星的宜居带中发现凌日超级地球是可能的。我们评估了针对最亮恒星的全天空过境调查的前景,这将找到最有利的情况下,使用詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)的光度和光谱特性。我们使用拟议的凌日系外行星调查卫星(TESS)作为全天调查的代表。我们将模拟的TESS产率耦合到JWST上的MIRI和NIRSpec仪器的灵敏度模型。我们专注于半径在地球和海王星之间的TESS行星。我们的模拟考虑了使用JWST/MIRI的二次日食滤波测光,比较了11和15微米波段测量超级地球中的CO2吸收,以及1.7-3.0微米水吸收的JWST/NIRSpec光谱,以及4.3微米的CO2吸收。我们预计TESS将发现大约8个附近的可居住的过境超级地球。JWST描述可居住超级地球前景的不确定性的主要来源是超级地球频率和超级地球大气的性质。根据我们对这些不确定性的估计,我们预计JWST将能够测量温度,并确定附近一到四个可居住的TESS超级地球中的分子吸附物(水,CO2)。

英文摘要:

Doppler and transit surveys are finding extrasolar planets of ever smaller mass and radius, and are now sampling the domain of superEarths (1-3 Earth radii). Recent results from the Doppler surveys suggest that discovery of a transiting superEarth in the habitable zone of a lower main sequence star may be possible. We evaluate the prospects for an all-sky transit survey targeted to the brightest stars, that would find the most favorable cases for photometric and spectroscopic characterization using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We use the proposed Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) as representative of an all-sky survey. We couple the simulated TESS yield to a sensitivity model for the MIRI and NIRSpec instruments on JWST. We focus on the TESS planets with radii between Earth and Neptune. Our simulations consider secondary eclipse filter photometry using JWST/MIRI, comparing the 11- and 15-micron bands to measure CO2 absorption in superEarths, as well as JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy of water absorption from 1.7-3.0 microns, and CO2 absorption at 4.3-microns. We project that TESS will discover about eight nearby habitable transiting superEarths. The principal sources of uncertainty in the prospects for JWST characterization of habitable superEarths are superEarth frequency and the nature of superEarth atmospheres. Based on our estimates of these uncertainties, we project that JWST will be able to measure the temperature, and identify molecular absorptions (water, CO2) in one to four nearby habitable TESS superEarths.

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