可分辨粒子系统的热力学
Thermodynamics of the System of Distinguishable Particles
摘要：
本文讨论了可分辨粒子系统的热力学问题。在从玻尔兹曼熵的定义出发构造可分辨粒子的统计力学时，发现熵是不广延的。这种不可扩展性导致了所谓的吉布斯悖论，其中两种相同的经典气体的混合熵增加。为了解决这一悖论，人们从不同的角度创作了大量的文学作品。本文从玻尔兹曼熵出发，给出了可分辨粒子系统的热力学性质。一个简单的方法来获得校正玻尔兹曼计数示出。在经典统计力学中，修正后的玻尔兹曼计数因子是合理的。
英文摘要：
The issue of the thermodynamics of a system of distinguishable particles is discussed in this paper. In constructing the statistical mechanics of distinguishable particles from the definition of Boltzmann entropy, it is found that the entropy is not extensive. The inextensivity leads to the so-called Gibbs paradox in which the mixing entropy of two identical classical gases increases. Lots of literature from different points of view were created to resolve the paradox. In this paper, starting from the Boltzmann entropy, we present the thermodynamics of the system of distinguishable particles. A straightforward way to get the corrected Boltzmann counting is shown. The corrected Boltzmann counting factor can be justified in classical statistical mechanics.
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