偶极玻色子的六角、维格纳晶体和超流相
Hexatic, Wigner Crystal, and Superfluid Phases of Dipolar Bosons
摘要：
讨论了二维偶极玻色子的有限温度相图随偶极相互作用强度的变化。我们确定了偶极超流体（DSF），偶极维格纳晶体（DWC），偶极六角流体（DHF）和偶极正常流体（DNF）的稳定相。我们还表明，其他有趣的相，如偶极超固体（DSS）和偶极六角超流体（DHSF）至少是亚稳态的，可以通过热淬火达到。特别是，对于大密度或强偶极相互作用，我们发现，DWC存在于低温下，但熔化成DHF在较高的温度下，在那里的翻译晶体秩序被破坏，但取向秩序被保存。当温度进一步升高时，DHF相熔化成DNF，其中不存在取向和平移晶格顺序。最后，我们讨论了一些稳定相的静态结构因子，并表明它们可以通过光学布拉格散射测量来识别。
英文摘要：
The finite temperature phase diagram of two-dimensional dipolar bosons versus dipolar interaction strength is discussed. We identify the stable phases as dipolar superfluid (DSF), dipolar Wigner crystal (DWC), dipolar hexatic fluid (DHF), and dipolar normal fluid (DNF). We also show that other interesting phases like dipolar supersolid (DSS) and dipolar hexatic superfluid (DHSF) are at least metastable, and can potentially be reached by thermal quenching. In particular, for large densities or strong dipolar interactions, we find that the DWC exists at low temperatures, but melts into a DHF at higher temperatures, where translational crystaline order is destroyed but orientational order is preserved. Upon further increase in temperature the DHF phase melts into the DNF, where both orientational and translational lattice order are absent. Lastly, we discuss the static structure factor for some of the stable phases and show that they can be identified via optical Bragg scattering measurements.
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