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arXiv 0903.4559astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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暗物质子结构对引力透镜的影响:来自Aquarius模拟的结果

Effects of Dark Matter Substructures on Gravitational Lensing: Results from the Aquarius Simulations

D. D. Xu, S. Mao, J. Wang, V. Springel, L. Gao, S. D. M. White, C. S. Frenk, A. Jenkins, G. Li, J. F. Navarro

摘要:

我们使用高分辨率的宝瓶座模拟银河系大小的晕在LCDM宇宙学研究暗物质子结构对引力透镜的影响。每个晕在其维里半径内可以分辨出约10^8个粒子(质量分辨率约为10^3-4 M_sun/h)。质量大于10^5 M_sun/h的次晕被很好地分辨出来,比以前的透镜研究至少提高了两个数量级。我们将重子组件建模为赫恩奎斯特配置文件和帐户的暗物质通过绝热收缩的响应。我们专注于“异常”的通量比问题,特别是对违反尖焦散关系由于子结构。我们发现,质量小于~ 10^8 M_sun/h的次晕在引起通量异常方面起着重要作用;这种低质量的次晕在以前的研究中一直没有得到解决。不同晕之间和同一晕的不同投影之间的预测通量比有很大的分散性。在某些情况下,预测的异常通量比的频率与射电透镜观察到的频率相当,尽管在大多数情况下并非如此。模拟再现所观察到的尖瓣透镜违规的概率约为0.001。因此,我们的结论是,在宝瓶座晕的中心区域的子结构的量是不够的,以解释所观察到的频率违反尖焦散关系。这些结论完全是基于我们的暗物质模拟,忽略了重子对次晕生存能力的影响。

英文摘要:

We use high-resolution Aquarius simulations of Milky Way-sized haloes in the LCDM cosmology to study the effects of dark matter substructures on gravitational lensing. Each halo is resolved with ~ 10^8 particles (at a mass resolution ~ 10^3-4 M_sun/h) within its virial radius. Subhaloes with masses larger than 10^5 M_sun/h are well resolved, an improvement of at least two orders of magnitude over previous lensing studies. We incorporate a baryonic component modelled as a Hernquist profile and account for the response of the dark matter via adiabatic contraction. We focus on the "anomalous" flux ratio problem, in particular on the violation of the cusp-caustic relation due to substructures. We find that subhaloes with masses less than ~ 10^8 M_sun/h play an important role in causing flux anomalies; such low mass subhaloes have been unresolved in previous studies. There is large scatter in the predicted flux ratios between different haloes and between different projections of the same halo. In some cases, the frequency of predicted anomalous flux ratios is comparable to that observed for the radio lenses, although in most cases it is not. The probability for the simulations to reproduce the observed violations of the cusp lenses is about 0.001. We therefore conclude that the amount of substructure in the central regions of the Aquarius haloes is insufficient to explain the observed frequency of violations of the cusp-caustic relation. These conclusions are based purely on our dark matter simulations which ignore the effect of baryons on subhalo survivability.

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