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arXiv 0903.4510cs.DScs.CRcs.GT
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差分私有组合优化

Differentially Private Combinatorial Optimization

Anupam Gupta, Katrina Ligett, Frank McSherry, Aaron Roth, Kunal Talwar

摘要:

请考虑以下问题:给定一个度量空间,其中一些点是"客户端",打开一组至多$k$设施,以最小化从客户端到这些设施的平均距离。这正是研究得很好的$k$-中值问题,对于该问题,已知许多近似算法和硬度结果。请注意,目标函数鼓励在有许多客户的地区开设设施,并且给定解决方案,通常可以很好地了解客户所在的位置。然而,这造成了以下困境:如果客户端的身份是我们希望保密的敏感信息,该怎么办?有没有可能为这个问题设计好的算法来保护客户的隐私?在本文中,我们发起了一个系统的研究离散优化问题的算法的框架内的差分隐私(形式化的想法,保护个人输入元素的隐私)。我们发现,许多这样的问题确实有很好的近似算法,保持差分隐私,这是即使在情况下,它是不可能保持加密的隐私定义,而计算任何非平凡的近似,甚至最佳解决方案的值,更不用说整个解决方案。除了$k$-中位数问题,我们研究的问题,顶点和集覆盖,最小割,设施的位置,Steiner树,和最近推出的子模块最大化问题,"组合公共项目"(CPP)。

英文摘要:

Consider the following problem: given a metric space, some of whose points are "clients", open a set of at most $k$ facilities to minimize the average distance from the clients to these facilities. This is just the well-studied $k$-median problem, for which many approximation algorithms and hardness results are known. Note that the objective function encourages opening facilities in areas where there are many clients, and given a solution, it is often possible to get a good idea of where the clients are located. However, this poses the following quandary: what if the identity of the clients is sensitive information that we would like to keep private? Is it even possible to design good algorithms for this problem that preserve the privacy of the clients? In this paper, we initiate a systematic study of algorithms for discrete optimization problems in the framework of differential privacy (which formalizes the idea of protecting the privacy of individual input elements). We show that many such problems indeed have good approximation algorithms that preserve differential privacy; this is even in cases where it is impossible to preserve cryptographic definitions of privacy while computing any non-trivial approximation to even the_value_ of an optimal solution, let alone the entire solution. Apart from the $k$-median problem, we study the problems of vertex and set cover, min-cut, facility location, Steiner tree, and the recently introduced submodular maximization problem, "Combinatorial Public Projects" (CPP).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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