镜像法中能量计算的微妙之处
Subtleties on energy calculations in the image method
摘要：
在这个教学工作中，我们指出了一个微妙的错误，可以由本科生或研究生在计算系统的静电能包含电荷和完美的导体，如果他们天真地使用图像的方法。具体而言，我们表明，这些系统的静电能直接从图像方法的天真表达式是错误的1/2的因素。我们开始我们的讨论与众所周知的例子，即，点电荷完美的导电墙和点电荷完美的导电球，然后进行到演示的一般结果，有效的导体的任意形状。
英文摘要：
In this pedagogical work we point out a subtle mistake that can be done by undergraduate or graduate students in the computation of the electrostatic energy of a system containing charges and perfect conductors if they naively use the image method. Specifically, we show that the naive expressions for the electrostatic energy for these systems obtained directly from the image method are wrong by a factor 1/2. We start our discussion with well known examples, namely, point charge-perfectly conducting wall and point charge-perfectly conducting sphere and then proceed to the demonstration of general results, valid for conductors of arbitrary shapes.
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