arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0903.4174astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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第一颗星是XII。极贫金属的关闭星的丰度,以及与巨星的比较

First stars XII. Abundances in extremely metal-poor turnoff stars,and comparison with the giants

P. Bonifacio, M. Spite, R. Cayrel, V. Hill, F. Spite, P. Francois, B. Plez, H. -G Ludwig, E. Caffau, P. Molaro, E. Depagne, J. Andersen, B. Barbuy, T. C. Beers,… 展开作者

P. Bonifacio, M. Spite, R. Cayrel, V. Hill, F. Spite, P. Francois, B. Plez, H. -G Ludwig, E. Caffau, P. Molaro, E. Depagne, J. Andersen, B. Barbuy, T. C. Beers, B. Nordstrom, F. Primas

摘要:

极贫金属(EMP)恒星的详细化学丰度是理解银河系早期化学演化的关键指南。然而,大多数现有的数据都是关于巨星的,这些巨星可能在后来经历了内部混合。目标:我们的目标是比较结果的巨人与新的,准确的丰度为所有可观察到的元素在18个EMP关闭恒星。方法:使用OSMARCS模型大气和TURBOSPECTRUM代码分析R ~ 45,000和S/N~ 130/像素(330-1000 nm)的VLT/UVES光谱,以推导C、Mg、Si、Ca、Sc、Ti、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Zn、Sr和Ba的丰度。结果:对于Ca,Ni,Sr和Ba,我们发现在所有金属丰度下,与我们早期的EMP巨星样品具有很好的一致性。然而,我们的C,Sc,Ti,Cr,Mn和Co的丰度比类似金属丰度的巨星大0.2倍。Mg和Si的丰度比类似[Fe/H]的巨星低约0.2 dex(巨星[Mg/Fe]值略有修正),而Zn的丰度比类似[Fe/H]的巨星高约0.4 dex(仅6颗星)。结论:对于C,矮/巨的差异可能有天体物理学的原因,但对于其他元素,它一定是由分析中的缺陷引起的。近似计算的颗粒效应(3D)对巨星的修正比对矮星的修正小,但这表明这是一个不太可能的解释,也许除了C,Cr和Mn。NLTE对Na和Al的计算提供了矮星和巨星之间一致的丰度,这与LTE的结果不同,并且对于其他差异元素也是非常可取的。同时,我们建议将巨丰度作为银河系化学演化模型的参考数据。

英文摘要:

CONTEXT:The detailed chemical abundances of extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars are key guides to understanding the early chemical evolution of the Galaxy. Most existing data are, however, for giant stars which may have experienced internal mixing later. AIMS: We aim to compare the results for giants with new, accurate abundances for all observable elements in 18 EMP turnoff stars. METHODS:VLT/UVES spectra at R ~45,000 and S/N~ 130 per pixel (330-1000 nm) are analysed with OSMARCS model atmospheres and the TURBOSPECTRUM code to derive abundances for C, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Sr, and Ba. RESULTS: For Ca, Ni, Sr, and Ba, we find excellent consistency with our earlier sample of EMP giants, at all metallicities. However, our abundances of C, Sc, Ti, Cr, Mn and Co are ~0.2 dex larger than in giants of similar metallicity. Mg and Si abundances are ~0.2 dex lower (the giant [Mg/Fe] values are slightly revised), while Zn is again ~0.4 dex higher than in giants of similar [Fe/H] (6 stars only). CONCLUSIONS:For C, the dwarf/giant discrepancy could possibly have an astrophysical cause, but for the other elements it must arise from shortcomings in the analysis. Approximate computations of granulation (3D) effects yield smaller corrections for giants than for dwarfs, but suggest that this is an unlikely explanation, except perhaps for C, Cr, and Mn. NLTE computations for Na and Al provide consistent abundances between dwarfs and giants, unlike the LTE results, and would be highly desirable for the other discrepant elements as well. Meanwhile, we recommend using the giant abundances as reference data for Galactic chemical evolution models.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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