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arXiv 0903.3831astro-ph.SR
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MHD Taylor-Couette流中环形磁场的Tayler不稳定性

Tayler instability of toroidal magnetic fields in MHD Taylor-Couette flows

G. Ruediger, M. Schultz

摘要:

研究了两个无限长圆柱绕同一轴线旋转时,在环形磁场作用下,均匀密度不可压缩流体的非轴对称“扭结型”Tayler不稳定性(TI)。结果表明,对于静止圆柱,不稳定模式的临界哈特曼数不依赖于Pm。通过刚性旋转的不稳定性被抑制的临界比的旋转速度和阿尔芬速度的字段(仅)稍微取决于磁普朗特数Pm。当Pm=1时,TI的转动猝灭达到最大值。如果旋转不是太快,则具有负剪切(即dΩ/dR<0)的旋转定律强烈地使环向场不稳定。对于足够高的旋转雷诺数,非轴对称磁不稳定性的抑制总是占主导地位。不稳定性的角动量输运与剪切相关,因此可以定义涡动粘性,这被证明是正的。对于负剪切,微扰的麦克斯韦应力对角动量输运有显著的贡献。我们还展示了实验室TI实验的可能性,实验室TI实验是用充满钠或镓等流体金属的宽间隙容器进行的。甚至旋转稳定的效果也可以在实验室中用仅几千欧的电流再现。

英文摘要:

The nonaxisymmetric 'kink-type' Tayler instability (TI) of toroidal magnetic fields is studied for conducting incompressible fluids of uniform density between two infinitely long cylinders rotating around the same axis. It is shown that for resting cylinders the critical Hartmann number for the unstable modes does not depend on Pm. By rigid rotation the instability is suppressed where the critical ratio of the rotation velocity and the Alfven velocity of the field (only) slightly depends on the magnetic Prandtl number Pm. For Pm=1 the rotational quenching of TI takes its maximum. Rotation laws with negative shear (i.e. dΩ/dR<0) strongly destabilize the toroidal field if the rotation is not too fast. For sufficiently high Reynolds numbers of rotation the suppression of the nonaxisymmetric magnetic instability always dominates. The angular momentum transport of the instability is anticorrelated with the shear so that an eddy viscosity can be defined which proves to be positive. For negative shear the Maxwell stress of the perturbations remarkably contributes to the angular momentum transport. We have also shown the possibility of laboratory TI experiments with a wide-gap container filled with fluid metals like sodium or gallium. Even the effect of the rotational stabilization can be reproduced in the laboratory with electric currents of only a few kAmp.

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