M_BH -sigma关系之旅：宇宙中低质量黑洞的命运
Journey to the M_BH -sigma relation: the fate of low mass black holes in the Universe
摘要：
本文探讨了黑洞质量和速度色散随红移的经验关联的建立和演化。我们跟踪的增长和吸积历史的大规模黑洞从高红移开始使用两种播种模型：（i）人口III残留物，和（ii）大量的种子直接气体崩溃。虽然种子最初并不满足$M_{\rm BH} - σ$关系，相关性的建立和保持在任何时候，如果自我调节吸积情节与重大合并。$M_{\rm BH} - σ$关系的大质量端较早建立，并且较低质量的MBH随时间迁移。MBH如何向关系迁移，关系的斜率和分散度都取决于播种模型以及所采用的自我调节处方。我们期望通量限制AGN调查和LISA选择吸积和合并MBH分别已经迁移到$\msigma$关系。这是一个结果，主要合并是更常见的在高红移的最大质量，偏见，星系锚定的$\msigma$关系早期。我们还预测存在大量的低质量的“隐藏”MBHs在高红移，可以很容易地逃脱检测。此外，我们发现，如果MBH种子是大规模的，$\sim 10^5 M_{\odot}$，低质量端的$\msigma$的朝向这个渐近值，创建一个特征“羽流”。
英文摘要：
In this paper, we explore the establishment and evolution of the empirical correlation between black hole mass and velocity dispersion with redshift. We track the growth and accretion history of massive black holes starting from high redshift using two seeding models:(i) Population III remnants, and (ii) massive seeds from direct gas collapse. Although the seeds do not initially satisfy the $M_{\rm BH} - σ$ relation, the correlation is established and maintained at all times if self-regulating accretion episodes are associated with major mergers. The massive end of the $M_{\rm BH} - σ$ relation is established early, and lower mass MBHs migrate over time. How MBHs migrate toward the relation, the slope and the scatter of the relation all depend critically on the seeding model as well as the adopted self-regulation prescription. We expect flux limited AGN surveys and LISA to select accreting and merging MBHs respectively that have already migrated onto the $\msigma$ relation. This is a consequence of major mergers being more common at high redshift for the most massive, biased, galaxies that anchor the $\msigma$ relation early. We also predict the existence of a large population of low mass `hidden' MBHs at high redshift which can easily escape detection. Additionally, we find that if MBH seeds are massive, $\sim 10^5 M_{\odot}$, the low-mass end of the $\msigma$ flattens towards this asymptotic value, creating a characteristic `plume'.
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