涌现/量子引力：时空的宏/微观结构
Emergent/Quantum Gravity: Macro/Micro Structures of Spacetime
摘要：
突现引力将时空视为一个从更完整的相互作用基本成分理论中突现出来的实体，该理论在更精细的分辨率或更高的能量下有效，通常假设高于普朗克能量。在这种观点中，广义相对论是一个有效的理论，只适用于长波长和低能量。对于任何假定已知的时空微观结构理论，我们描述了涌现引力（“自上而下”）的共同任务，即确定熟悉的宏观时空以高概率和合理的鲁棒性出现的条件和过程或机制。相反的方向（“自下而上”）是量子引力的任务，即，找到一个时空微观结构的理论，在这个新的观点中，它不能来自于量子化度规或联系形式，因为它们是只对宏观理论有意义的集体变量，即，广义相对论。我们提出了从经典引力和量子场论的给定宏观条件“向上”（在能量上）移动到更接近于时空出现的微观-宏观界面的领域的途径，以及在低能量下寻找线索或迹象的地方，在那里人们可以间接地推断出时空微观结构的一些显着特征。
英文摘要：
Emergent gravity views spacetime as an entity emergent from a more complete theory of interacting fundamental constituents valid at much finer resolution or higher energies, usually assumed to be above the Planck energy. In this view general relativity is an effective theory valid only at long wavelengths and low energies. For any presumed known theory for the microscopic structure of spacetime, we describe common tasks of emergent gravity (`top-down'), namely, identifying the conditions and processes or mechanisms whereby the familiar macroscopic spacetime emerges with high probability and reasonable robustness. Going in the opposite direction (`bottom-up') is the task of quantum gravity, i.e., finding a theory for the microscopic structure of spacetime, which, in this new view, cannot come from quantizing the metric or connection forms because they are the collective variables which are meaningful only for the macroscopic theory, i.e., general relativity. We suggest pathways to move `up' (in energy) from the given macroscopic conditions of classical gravity and quantum field theory to the domain closer to the micro-macro interface where spacetime emerged and places to look for clues or tell-tale signs at low energy where one could infer indirectly some salient features of the micro-structure of spacetime.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
