扩展去极化的二维波型：收缩波、折返波和驻波
Two-dimensional wave patterns of spreading depolarization: retracting, re-entrant, and stationary waves
摘要：
我们提出了两个实验系统中的扩展去极化（SD）的时空特性：在鸡视网膜中观察到的固有光信号的收缩SD波段，和自发发生的折返SD波，重复传播通过脑回猫皮层观察激光散斑流量计。建立了具有增强传输能力的反应扩散系统的数学框架，用以解释这些模式的出现和转换。我们的预测是，所观察到的图案是由弱非局域耦合控制和调制的反应扩散图案。所描述的SD的时空特征在偏头痛和中风的条件下具有重要的临床相关性。在中风中，折返性SD波的出现被认为会使结局恶化。在偏头痛中，收缩SD波段引起神经系统症状，并且过渡到静止SD波模式可能引起持续症状，而无梗死的无创成像证据。
英文摘要：
We present spatio-temporal characteristics of spreading depolarizations (SD) in two experimental systems: retracting SD wave segments observed with intrinsic optical signals in chicken retina, and spontaneously occurring re-entrant SD waves that repeatedly spread across gyrencephalic feline cortex observed by laser speckle flowmetry. A mathematical framework of reaction-diffusion systems with augmented transmission capabilities is developed to explain the emergence and transitions between these patterns. Our prediction is that the observed patterns are reaction-diffusion patterns controlled and modulated by weak nonlocal coupling. The described spatio-temporal characteristics of SD are of important clinical relevance under conditions of migraine and stroke. In stroke, the emergence of re-entrant SD waves is believed to worsen outcome. In migraine, retracting SD wave segments cause neurological symptoms and transitions to stationary SD wave patterns may cause persistent symptoms without evidence from noninvasive imaging of infarction.
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