利用时空光学关联的天体物理新机遇
New Astrophysical Opportunities Exploiting Spatio-Temporal Optical Correlations
摘要：
光子流的时空相关性可以提供有关宇宙的全新信息渠道。今天的天文观测基本上是测量由源产生的某些振幅相干函数。传统上，在迈克尔逊式振幅干涉测量中利用了波场的空间相关性。然而，过去的技术在很大程度上无法实现精细的定时分辨率和记录多个光束。当时间和空间相关性结合起来时，就有可能实现任何其他手段都不可能实现的壮观测量。恒星强度干涉测量的发展已经成熟，是少数几个未开发的机制之一，以获得潜在的革命性的新信息，在天文学。正如我们下面讨论的，现代恒星强度干涉测量可以产生前所未有的恒星直径测量，双星，距离测量，包括造父变星，快速旋转的恒星，脉动恒星，以及以前从未测量过的短时间尺度波动。
英文摘要：
The space-time correlations of streams of photons can provide fundamentally new channels of information about the Universe. Today's astronomical observations essentially measure certain amplitude coherence functions produced by a source. The spatial correlations of wave fields has traditionally been exploited in Michelson-style amplitude interferometry. However the technology of the past was largely incapable of fine timing resolution and recording multiple beams. When time and space correlations are combined it is possible to achieve spectacular measurements that are impossible by any other means. Stellar intensity interferometry is ripe for development and is one of the few unexploited mechanisms to obtain potentially revolutionary new information in astronomy. As we discuss below, the modern use of stellar intensity interferometry can yield unprecedented measures of stellar diameters, binary stars, distance measures including Cepheids, rapidly rotating stars, pulsating stars, and short-time scale fluctuations that have never been measured before.
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