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arXiv 0902.3186astro-ph.CO
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强引力透镜对引力、暗物质和超大质量黑洞的探测

Strong Gravitational Lensing as a Probe of Gravity, Dark-Matter and Super-Massive Black Holes

L. V. E. Koopmans, M. Auger, M. Barnabe, A. Bolton, M. Bradac, L. Ciotti, A. Congdon, O. Czoske, S. Dye, A. Dutton, A. Eliasdottir, E. Evans, C. D. Fassnacht, N… 展开作者

L. V. E. Koopmans, M. Auger, M. Barnabe, A. Bolton, M. Bradac, L. Ciotti, A. Congdon, O. Czoske, S. Dye, A. Dutton, A. Eliasdottir, E. Evans, C. D. Fassnacht, N. Jackson, C. Keeton, J. Lazio, P. Marshall, M. Meneghetti, J. McKean, L. Moustakas, S. Myers, C. Nipoti, S. Suyu, G. van de Ven, S. Vegetti, J. Wambsganss, R. Webster, O. Wucknitz, H-S Zhao

摘要:

尽管在理解星系的性质方面已经付出了相当大的努力,但一个完整的物理图像,连接它们的重子和暗物质含量,超大质量黑洞和(度量)引力理论,仍然是不明确的。强引力透镜是研究星系中心引力的有力手段。它可以(1)提供一个独特的探测通道,探测局部星系群之外的暗物质亚结构,(2)限制暗物质物理,补充直接探测实验,以及重力的度量理论,(3)探测中心超大质量黑洞,(4)从暗物质的角度提供对星系形成过程的重要见解,独立于暗物质的性质和状态。为了认真解决上述问题,需要大量增加强引力透镜系统的数量。在2010-2020年的时间框架内,使用无线电(例如EVLA、e-MERLIN、LOFAR、SKA第一阶段)和光学(例如LSST和JDEM)仪器的分阶段方法可以在2020年左右从SKA/LSST/JDEM全天空调查中提供10^(2-4)个新透镜和多达10^(4-6)个新透镜系统。必须使用中等地面/空间光学红外望远镜和30- 50米光谱望远镜(例如TMT、GMT、ELT)对(射电)透镜进行后续成像。为了通过强引力透镜来回答这些基本问题,在未来十年中,对大型无线电和光学红外设施的大力投资至关重要。特别是,只有大规模射电透镜测量(例如SKA)才能提供SMBH和通量比异常研究所需的大量高分辨率和高保真度透镜图像。

英文摘要:

Whereas considerable effort has been afforded in understanding the properties of galaxies, a full physical picture, connecting their baryonic and dark-matter content, super-massive black holes, and (metric) theories of gravity, is still ill-defined. Strong gravitational lensing furnishes a powerful method to probe gravity in the central regions of galaxies. It can (1) provide a unique detection-channel of dark-matter substructure beyond the local galaxy group, (2) constrain dark-matter physics, complementary to direct-detection experiments, as well as metric theories of gravity, (3) probe central super-massive black holes, and (4) provide crucial insight into galaxy formation processes from the dark matter point of view, independently of the nature and state of dark matter. To seriously address the above questions, a considerable increase in the number of strong gravitational-lens systems is required. In the timeframe 2010-2020, a staged approach with radio (e.g. EVLA, e-MERLIN, LOFAR, SKA phase-I) and optical (e.g. LSST and JDEM) instruments can provide 10^(2-4) new lenses, and up to 10^(4-6) new lens systems from SKA/LSST/JDEM all-sky surveys around ~2020. Follow-up imaging of (radio) lenses is necessary with moderate ground/space-based optical-IR telescopes and with 30-50m telescopes for spectroscopy (e.g. TMT, GMT, ELT). To answer these fundamental questions through strong gravitational lensing, a strong investment in large radio and optical-IR facilities is therefore critical in the coming decade. In particular, only large-scale radio lens surveys (e.g. with SKA) provide the large numbers of high-resolution and high-fidelity images of lenses needed for SMBH and flux-ratio anomaly studies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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