超冷原子可调谐费米液体中费米极化子的观测
Observation of Fermi Polarons in a Tunable Fermi Liquid of Ultracold Atoms
摘要：
我们已经观察到费米极化子，在自旋向上的超冷原子费米海中，穿着自旋向下的杂质。极化子表现为杂质射频光谱中的一个窄峰，它出现在一个宽的非相干背景中。我们确定极化子能量和准粒子周围的费什巴赫共振各种相互作用强度的残留。在临界相互作用下，我们观察到从极化子到分子结合的转变。在此，不平衡的费米液体经历相变而成为与费米海共存的玻色液体。
英文摘要：
We have observed Fermi polarons, dressed spin down impurities in a spin up Fermi sea of ultracold atoms. The polaron manifests itself as a narrow peak in the impurities' rf spectrum that emerges from a broad incoherent background. We determine the polaron energy and the quasiparticle residue for various interaction strengths around a Feshbach resonance. At a critical interaction, we observe the transition from polaronic to molecular binding. Here, the imbalanced Fermi liquid undergoes a phase transition into a Bose liquid coexisting with a Fermi sea.
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