Minkowski能量动量张量的约束有效性
Constraining Validity of the Minkowski Energy-Momentum Tensor
摘要：
介质中电磁波存在两种常用的能量动量张量。亚伯拉罕表达式是强大的实验验证，但更数学上的要求，而闵可夫斯基表达式是在文献中常见的一些简化的基础，包括相对折射率变换经常用于建模光镊。这些简化是基于忽略闵可夫斯基张量的物质对应物，一个已知与角动量守恒不相容的过程，并且与实验结果相冲突，但它们在广泛的情况下非常成功。本文结合现有的限制，他们的使用与最近的理论分析，以获得一个列表的条件，可以满足安全地使用简化的闵可夫斯基方法。将这些条件应用于Padgett等人提出的实验，我们发现他们的预言与用总能量-动量张量得到的预言是一致的。
英文摘要：
There exist two popular energy-momentum tensors for an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric medium. The Abraham expression is robust to experimental verification but more mathematically demanding, while the Minkowski expression is the foundation of a number of simplifications commonly found within the literature, including the relative refractive index transformation often used in modelling optical tweezers. These simplifications are based on neglecting the Minkowski tensor's material counterpart, a process known to be incompatible with conservation of angular momentum, and in conflict with experimental results, yet they are very successful in a wide range of circumstances. This paper combines existing constraints on their usage with recent theoretical analysis to obtain a list of conditions which much be satisfied to safely use the simplified Minkowski approach. Applying these conditions to an experiment proposed by Padgett et al., we find their prediction in agreement with that obtained using the total energy-momentum tensor.
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