Adam J. Burgasser, Josh Bloom, Kelle Cruz, Michael Cushing, Sandy Leggett, Katharina Lodders, Amanda Mainzer, Mark Marley, Stanimir Metchev, Subhanjoy Mohanty, Ben Oppenheimer, Andrew West
This White Paper to the National Academy of Sciences Astro2010 Decadal Review Committee highlights cross-disciplinary science opportunities over the next decade with cold brown dwarfs, sources defined here as having photospheric temperatures less than ~1000 K.
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Using two epochs of 4.5um images from the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope, we recently identified a common proper motion companion to the white dwarf WD 0806-661 that is a candidate for the coldest known brown dwarf. To verify its cool nature, we have obtained images of this object at 3.6um with IRAC, at J with HAWK-I on the Very Large Telescope, and in a filter covering the red half of J with FourStar on Magellan. WD 0806-661 B is detected by IRAC but not HAWK-I or FourStar. From these data we measure colors of [3.6]-[4.5]=2.77+/-0.16 and J-[4.5]>7.0 (SNR<3).…
WISE J085510.83-071442.5 was recently discovered as the coldest known brown dwarf based on four epochs of images from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and the Spitzer Space Telescope. We have improved the accuracy of its parallax measurement by obtaining two additional epochs of Spitzer astrometry. We derive a parallactic distance of 2.31+/-0.08 pc, which continues to support its rank as the fourth closest known system to the Sun when compared to WISE J104915.57-531906.1 AB (2.02+/-0.02 pc) and Wolf 359 (2.386+/-0.012 pc). The new constraint on the absolute magnitude at 4.5um indicates …
We have monitored the position of the cool Y dwarf WISEPA J182831.08+265037.8 using a combination of ground- and space-based telescopes and have determined its distance to be 11.2$_{-1.0}^{+1.3}$ pc. Its absolute H magnitude, M$_H=22.21^{+0.25}_{-0.22}$ mag, suggests a mass in the range 0.5-20 M$_{Jup}$ for ages of 0.1-10 Gyr with an effective temperature in the range 250-400 K. The broad range in mass is due primarily to the unknown age of the object. Since the high tangential velocity of the object, 51$\pm5$ km s$^{-1}$, is characteristic of an old disk population, a plausible age range of 2…
We present Spitzer 3.6$μ$m and 4.5$μ$m follow-up of 170 candidate extremely cool brown dwarfs newly discovered via the combination of WISE and NEOWISE imaging at 3$-$5$μ$m. CatWISE, a joint analysis of archival WISE and NEOWISE data, has improved upon the motion measurements of AllWISE by leveraging a $>$10$\times$ time baseline enhancement, from 0.5 years (AllWISE) to 6.5 years (CatWISE). As a result, CatWISE motion selection has yielded a large sample of previously unrecognized brown dwarf candidates, many of which have archival detections exclusively in the WISE 4.6$μ$m (W2) channel, sugges…
We present follow-up $Spitzer$ observations at 3.6$μ$m (ch1) and 4.5$μ$m (ch2) of CWISEP J144606.62$-$231717.8, one of the coldest known brown dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. This object was found by mining the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer ($WISE$) and $NEOWISE$ data via the CatWISE Preliminary Catalog by Meisner et al. (2019b), where an initial $Spitzer$ color of ch1$-$ch2 = 3.71$\pm$0.44 mag was reported, implying it could be one of the reddest, and hence coldest, known brown dwarfs. Additional $Spitzer$ data presented here allows us to revise its color to ch1$-$ch2 = 2.986$\pm$0.04…
WD 0806-661 B is one of the coldest known brown dwarfs (T=300-345 K) based on previous mid-infrared photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope. In addition, it is a benchmark for testing theoretical models of brown dwarfs because its age and distance are well-constrained via its primary star (2+/-0.5 Gyr, 19.2+/-0.6 pc). We present the first near-infrared detection of this object, which has been achieved through F110W imaging (~Y+J) with the Wide Field Camera 3 on board the Hubble Space Telescope. We measure a Vega magnitude of m110=25.70+/-0.08, which implies J~25.0. When combined with the S…
Through a previous analysis of multi-epoch astrometry from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), I identified WISE J085510.83-071442.5 as a new high proper motion object. By combining astrometry from WISE and the Spitzer Space Telescope, I have measured a proper motion of 8.1+/-0.1"/yr and a parallax of 0.454+/-0.045" (2.20+0.24/-0.20 pc) for WISE J085510.83-071442.5, giving it the third highest proper motion and the fourth largest parallax of any known star or brown dwarf. It is also the coldest known brown dwarf based on its absolute magnitude at 4.5um and its color in [3.6]-[4.5].…
JADES: An Abundance of Ultra-Distant T- and Y-Dwarfs in Deep Extragalactic Data
本研究利用詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜的NIRCam仪器，在深空数据中发现大量遥远的T-和Y型褐矮星，通过新的开源工具NIFTY分析光度数据，确定有效温度、金属丰度和距离，并探讨Y型褐矮星作为高红移星系搜索中的污染源。
UNCOVER: JWST Spectroscopy of Three Cold Brown Dwarfs at Kiloparsec-scale Distances
本研究利用JWST/NIRSpec光谱确认了三颗位于千秒差距尺度距离的T型棕矮星，并估计其距离为0.9--4.5千秒差距，其中一颗为贫金属T亚矮星，为研究银河系古老贫金属棕矮星提供了重要样本。
COSMOS-3D: Spectro-photometric Confirmation of Shabgard, a Cool, Metal-poor Brown Dwarf in the COSMOS Field
本研究通过JWST/NIRCam光谱和测光确认了Shabgard为一颗寒冷的贫金属褐矮星，有效温度约719K，距离约176pc，展示了深场巡天发现暗弱亚恒星天体的能力。
This paper presents our observational attempts to precisely measure the central mass of a proto-brown dwarf candidate, L328-IRS, in order to investigate whether L328-IRS is in the substellar mass regime. Observations were made for the central region of L328-IRS with the dust continuum and CO isotopologue line emission at ALMA band 6, discovering the detailed outflow activities and a deconvolved disk structure of a size of $\sim$87 AU $\times$ 37 AU. We investigated the rotational velocities as a function of the disk radius, finding that its motions between 130 AU and 60 AU are partially fitted…
New ultracool dwarf candidates from multi-epoch WISE data
本研究利用 unTimely 多历元 WISE 数据结合运动检测与机器学习伪影剔除，发现258个未发表高自行天体，其中至少33个为40秒差距内的新T型矮星候选体。
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