Christian Sadel, Hermann Schulz-Baldes
A Jacobi matrix with matrix entries is a self-adjoint block tridiagonal matrix with invertible blocks on the off-diagonals. Averaging over boundary conditions leads to explicit formulas for the averaged spectral measure which can potentially be useful for spectral analysis. Furthermore another variant of spectral averaging over coupling constants for these operators is presented.
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A Jacobi matrix with matrix entries is a self-adjoint block tridiagonal matrix with invertible blocks on the off-diagonals. The Weyl surface describing the dependence of Green's matrix on the boundary conditions is interpreted as the set of maximally isotropic subspace of a quadratic from given by the Wronskian. Analysis of the possibly degenerate limit quadratic form leads to the limit point/limit surface theory of maximal symmetric extensions for semi-infinite Jacobi matrices with matrix entries with arbitrary deficiency indices. The resolvent of the extensions is explicitly calculated.
A selfadjoined block tridiagonal matrix with positive definite blocks on the off-diagonals is by definition a Jacobi matrix with matrix entries. Transfer matrix techniques are extended in order to develop a rotation number calculation for its eigenvalues. This is a matricial generalization of the oscillation theorem for the discrete analogues of Sturm-Liouville operators. The three universality classes of time reversal invariance are dealt with by implementing the corresponding symmetries. For Jacobi matrices with random matrix entries, this leads to a formula for the integrated density of sta…
Spectral averaging techniques for one-dimensional discrete Schroedinger operators are revisited and extended. In particular, simultaneous averaging over several parameters is discussed. Special focus is put on proving lower bounds on the density of the averaged spectral measures. These Wegner type estimates are used to analyze stability properties for the spectral types of Jacobi matrices under local perturbations.
This work deals with decay bounds for Green matrices and generalized eigenvectors of block Jacobi matrices when the real part of the spectral parameter lies in an infinite gap of the operator's essential spectrum. We consider the cases of commutative and noncommutative matrix entries separately. An example of a block Jacobi operator with noncommutative entries and nonnegative essential spectrum is given to illustrate the results.
The spectral properties of two special classes of Jacobi operators are studied. For the first class represented by the $2M$-dimensional real Jacobi matrices whose entries are symmetric with respect to the secondary diagonal, a new polynomial identity relating the eigenvalues of such matrices with their matrix { entries} is obtained. In the limit $M\to\infty$ this identity induces some requirements, which should satisfy the scattering data of the resulting infinite-dimensional Jacobi operator in the half-line, which super- and sub-diagonal matrix elements are equal to -1. We obtain such require…
We derive special representation for Weyl functions for finite and semi-infinite Jacobi matrices with bounded entries based on a relationship between spectral problem for Jacobi matrices and initial-boundary value problem for auxiliary dynamical systems with the discrete time for Jacobi matrices.
Sturm-Liouville oscillation theory for periodic Jacobi operators with matrix entries is discussed and illustrated. The proof simplifies and clarifies the use of intersection theory of Bott, Maslov and Conley-Zehnder. It is shown that the eigenvalue problem for linear Hamiltonian systems can be dealt with by the same approach.
This paper provides decay bounds for Green matrices and generalized eigenvectors of block Jacobi operators when the real part of the spectral parameter lies in a bounded gap of the operator's essential spectrum. The case of the spectral parameter being an eigenvalue is also considered. It is also shown that if the matrix entries commute, then the estimates can be refined. Finally, various examples of block Jacobi operators are given to illustrate the results.
We consider a general class of random matrices whose entries are centred random variables, independent up to a symmetry constraint. We establish precise high-probability bounds on the averages of arbitrary monomials in the resolvent matrix entries. Our results generalize the previous results of [5,16,17] which constituted a key step in the proof of the local semicircle law with optimal error bound in mean-field random matrix models. Our bounds apply to random band matrices, and improve previous estimates from order 2 to order 4 in the cases relevant for applications. In particular, they lead t…
We consider a class of Jacobi matrices with unbounded entries in the so called critical (double root, Jordan box) case. We prove a formula for the spectral density of the matrix which relates its spectral density to the asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials associated with the matrix.
Consider the Jacobi operators $\cJ$ given by $(\cJ y)_n=a_ny_{n+1}+b_ny_n+a_{n-1}^*y_{n-1}$, $y_n\in \C^m$ (here $y_0=y_{p+1}=0$), where $b_n=b_n^*$ and $a_n:\det a_n\ne 0$ are the sequences of $m\ts m$ matrices, $n=1,..,p$. We study two cases: (i) $a_n=a_n^*>0$; (ii) $a_n$ is a lower triangular matrix with real positive entries on the diagonal (the matrix $\cJ$ is $(2m+1)$-band $mp\ts mp$ matrix with positive entries on the first and the last diagonals). The spectrum of $\cJ$ is a finite sequence of real eigenvalues $ł_1<...<ł_N$, where each eigenvalue $ł_j$ has multiplicity $k_j\le m$. We sh…
Several examples of Jacobi matrices with an explicitly solvable spectral problem are worked out in detail. In all discussed cases the spectrum is discrete and coincides with the set of zeros of a special function. Moreover, the components of corresponding eigenvectors are expressible in terms of special functions as well. Our approach is based on a recently developed formalism providing us with explicit expressions for the characteristic function and eigenvectors of Jacobi matrices. This is done under an assumption of a simple convergence condition on matrix entries. Among the treated special …
A real persymmetric Jacobi matrix of order $n$ whose eigenvalues are $2k^2$ $(k=0, ..., n-1)$ is presented, with entries given as explicit functions of $n$. Besides the possible use for testing forward and inverse numerical algorithms, such a matrix is especially relevant for its connection with the dynamics of a mass-spring chain, which is a multi-purpose prototype model. Indeed, the mode frequencies being the square roots of the eigenvalues of the interaction matrix, one can shape the chain in such a way that its dynamics be perfectly periodic and dispersionless.
Sturm-Liouville oscillation theory is studied for Jacobi operators with block entries given by covariant operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. It is shown that the integrated density of states of the Jacobi operator is approximated by the winding of the Pruefer phase w.r.t. the trace per unit volume. This rotation number can be interpreted as a spectral flow in a von Neumann algebra with finite trace.
We study the perturbative power-series expansions of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a general tridiagonal (Jacobi) matrix of dimension d. The(small) expansion parameters are being the entries of the two diagonals of length d-1 sandwiching the principal diagonal, which gives the unperturbed spectrum. The solution is found explicitly in terms of multivariable (Horn-type) hypergeometric series of 3d-5 variables in the generic case, or 2d-3 variables for the eigenvalue growing from a corner matrix element. To derive the result, we first rewrite the spectral problem for a Jacobi matrix as an e…
In these notes, we continue our investigation of classical toy models of disordered statistical mechanics through various techniques recently developed and tested mainly on the paradigmatic SK spin glass. Here we consider the p-spin-glass model with Ising spins and interactions drawn from a normal distribution N[0,1]. After a general presentation of its properties (e.g. self-averaging of the free energy, existence of a suitable thermodynamic limit), we study its equilibrium behavior within the Hamilton-Jacobi framework and the smooth cavity approach. Through the former we find both the RS and …
For tridiagonal block Jacobi operators, the standard transfer operator techniques only work if the off-diagonal entries are invertible. Under suitable assumptions on the range and kernel of these off-diagonal operators which assure a homogeneous minimal coupling between the blocks, it is shown how to construct reduced transfer operators that have the usual Krein space unitarity property and also a crucial monotonicity in the energy variable. This allows to extend the results of oscillation theory to such systems.
We consider Hermitian and symmetric random band matrices $H = (h_{xy})$ in $d \geq 1$ dimensions. The matrix entries $h_{xy}$, indexed by $x,y \in (\bZ/L\bZ)^d$, are independent, centred random variables with variances $s_{xy} = \E |h_{xy}|^2$. We assume that $s_{xy}$ is negligible if $|x-y|$ exceeds the band width $W$. In one dimension we prove that the eigenvectors of $H$ are delocalized if $W\gg L^{4/5}$. We also show that the magnitude of the matrix entries $\abs{G_{xy}}^2$ of the resolvent $G=G(z)=(H-z)^{-1}$ is self-averaging and we compute $\E \abs{G_{xy}}^2$. We show that, as $L\to\inf…
A scattering zipper is a system obtained by concatenation of scattering events with equal even number of incoming and out going channels. The associated scattering zipper operator is the unitary equivalent of Jacobi matrices with matrix entries and generalizes Blatter-Browne and Chalker-Coddington models and CMV matrices. Weyl discs are analyzed and used to prove a bijection between the set of semi-infinite scattering zipper operators and matrix valued probability measures on the unit circle. Sturm-Liouville oscillation theory is developed as a tool to calculate the spectra of finite and perio…
Essentially singular limits of Jacobi operators and applications to higher-order squeezing
本文研究了Jacobi算子在耦合参数λ≥0下的本质奇异极限，通过分析小λ情形下的广义特征向量统一界，证明了在λ→0时算子在强解析意义下的收敛性，并应用该结果探讨了量子光学中高阶压缩算子的自伴随扩展问题。
We consider a family of discrete Jacobi operators on the one-dimensional integer lattice, with the diagonal and the off-diagonal entries given by two sequences generated by the Fibonacci substitution on two letters. We show that the spectrum is a Cantor set of zero Lebesgue measure, and discuss its fractal structure and Hausdorff dimension. We also extend some known results on the diagonal and the off-diagonal Fibonacci Hamiltonians.
Let $H$ be a Hermitian random matrix whose entries $H_{xy}$ are independent, centred random variables with variances $S_{xy} = \mathbb E|H_{xy}|^2$, where $x, y \in (\mathbb Z/L\mathbb Z)^d$ and $d \geq 1$. The variance $S_{xy}$ is negligible if $|x - y|$ is bigger than the band width $W$. For $ d = 1$ we prove that if $L \ll W^{1 + \frac{2}{7}}$ then the eigenvectors of $H$ are delocalized and that an averaged version of $|G_{xy}(z)|^2$ exhibits a diffusive behaviour, where $ G(z) = (H-z)^{-1}$ is the resolvent of $ H$. This improves the previous assumption $L \ll W^{1 + \frac{1}{4}}$ by Erdő…
Muttalib--Borodin ensembles are characterised by the pair interaction term in the eigenvalue probability density function being of the form $\prod_{1 \le j < k \le N}(λ_k - λ_j) (λ_k^θ- λ_j^θ)$. We study the Laguerre and Jacobi versions of this model --- so named by the form of the one-body interaction terms --- and show that for $θ\in \mathbb Z^+$ they can be realised as the eigenvalue PDF of certain random matrices with Gaussian entries. For general $θ> 0$, realisations in terms of the eigenvalue PDF of ensembles involving triangular matrices are given. In the Laguerre case this is a recent …
We introduce a spectral transform for the finite relativistic Toda lattice (RTL) in generalized form. In the nonrelativistic case, Moser constructed a spectral transform from the spectral theory of symmetric Jacobi matrices. Here we use a non-symmetric generalized eigenvalue problem for a pair of bidiagonal matrices (L,M) to define the spectral transform for the RTL. The inverse spectral transform is described in terms of a terminating T-fraction. The generalized eigenvalues are constants of motion and the auxiliary spectral data have explicit time evolution. Using the connection with the theo…
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